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1 Samuel 17:9-19

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9 If he is able to fight and kill me, we will become your subjects; but if I overcome him and kill him, you will become our subjects and serve us.”
10 Then the Philistine said, “This day I defy the armies of Israel! Give me a man and let us fight each other.”
11 On hearing the Philistine’s words, Saul and all the Israelites were dismayed and terrified.
12 Now David was the son of an Ephrathite named Jesse, who was from Bethlehem in Judah. Jesse had eight sons, and in Saul’s time he was very old.
13 Jesse’s three oldest sons had followed Saul to the war: The firstborn was Eliab; the second, Abinadab; and the third, Shammah.
14 David was the youngest. The three oldest followed Saul,
15 but David went back and forth from Saul to tend his father’s sheep at Bethlehem.
16 For forty days the Philistine came forward every morning and evening and took his stand.
17 Now Jesse said to his son David, “Take this ephah[a] of roasted grain and these ten loaves of bread for your brothers and hurry to their camp.
18 Take along these ten cheeses to the commander of their unit. See how your brothers are and bring back some assurance[b] from them.
19 They are with Saul and all the men of Israel in the Valley of Elah, fighting against the Philistines.”
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1 Samuel 17:9-19 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 17

This chapter relates how the armies of Israel, and of the Philistines, prepared for battle, and where, 1Sa 17:1-3, describes a champion of the Philistines, who defied the armies of Israel, 1Sa 17:4-11, and while he was so doing, it informs us that David came into the camp, and he heard his words, and signified to one and another his inclination to fight with him, 1Sa 17:12-30, which being reported to Saul, David was sent for by him, and much discourse passed between them about it, 1Sa 17:31-37 when we are told the manner in which he engaged with the Philistine, and the victory he obtained over him, 1Sa 17:38-51 upon which the Philistines fled, and Israel pursued them; and on account of this action David was taken notice of by Saul, and brought to court again, as the following chapter shows, 1Sa 17:52-58.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 14

  • 1. ver 26,45; 2 Samuel 21:21
  • 2. ver 23
  • 3. S Genesis 35:16; S Genesis 48:7; Psalms 132:6
  • 4. S Ruth 4:17; 1 Chronicles 2:13-15
  • 5. S Genesis 35:19
  • 6. 1 Samuel 16:11
  • 7. S 1 Samuel 16:6
  • 8. 1 Samuel 16:8
  • 9. S 1 Samuel 16:9
  • 10. S Genesis 37:2
  • 11. 1 Samuel 16:19
  • 12. S Leviticus 19:36
  • 13. S Leviticus 23:14; 1 Samuel 25:18
  • 14. Genesis 37:14

Footnotes 2

  • [a]. That is, probably about 36 pounds or about 16 kilograms
  • [b]. Or "some token" ; or "some pledge of spoils"
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