Esdras 1

1 No primeiro ano de Ciro, rei da Pérsia, para que se cumprisse a palavra do Senhor proferida pela boca de Jeremias, despertou o Senhor o espírito de Ciro, rei da Pérsia, de modo que ele fez proclamar por todo o seu reino, de viva voz e também por escrito, este decreto:

2 Assim diz Ciro, rei da Pérsia: O Senhor Deus do céu me deu todos os reinos da terra, e me encarregou de lhe edificar uma casa em Jerusalém, que é em Judá.

3 Quem há entre vós de todo o seu povo (seja seu Deus com ele) suba para Jerusalém, que é em Judá, e edifique a casa do Senhor, Deus de Israel; ele é o Deus que habita em Jerusalém.

4 E todo remanescente, seja qual for o lugar em que é peregrino, seja ajudado pelos homens desse lugar com prata, com ouro, com bens e com animais, afora a oferta voluntária para a casa de Deus, que está em Jerusalém.

5 Então se levantaram os chefes das casas paternas de Judá e Benjamim e os sacerdotes, e os levitas, todos aqueles cujo espírito Deus despertara, para subirem a edificar a casa do Senhor, que está em Jerusalém.

6 E todos os seus vizinhos os ajudaram com utensílios de prata, com ouro, com bens, com animais e com coisas preciosas, afora tudo o que se ofereceu voluntariamente.

7 Também o rei Ciro tirou os utensílios que pertenciam � casa do Senhor e que Nabucodonozor tinha trazido de Jerusalém e posto na casa de seus deuses.

8 Ciro, rei da Pérsia, tirou-os pela mão de Mitredate, o tesoureiro, que os entregou contados a Sesbazar, príncipe de Judá.

9 Este é o número deles: Trinta bacias de ouro, mil bacias de prata, vinte e nove incensários,

10 trinta taças de ouro, quatrocentas e dez taças de prata e mil outros utensílios.

11 Todos os utensílios de ouro e de prata foram cinco mil e quatrocentos; todos estes levou Sesbazar, quando os do cativeiro foram conduzidos de Babilônia para Jerusalém.

Esdras 1 Commentary

Chapter 1

The history of this book is the accomplishment of Jeremiah's prophecy concerning the return of the Jews out of Babylon. From its contents we especially learn, that every good work will meet with opposition from enemies, and be hurt by the misconduct of friends; but that God will make his cause to prevail, notwithstanding all obstacles and adversaries. The restoration of the Jews was an event of the highest consequence, tending to preserve religion in the world, and preparing the way for the appearance of the Great Deliverer, the Lord Jesus Christ.

The proclamation of Cyrus for the rebuilding of the temple. (1-4) The people provide for their return. (5-11)

Verses 1-4 The Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus. The hearts of kings are in the hand of the Lord. God governs the world by his influence on the spirits of men; whatever good they do, God stirs up their spirits to do it. It was during the captivity of the Jews, that God principally employed them as the means of calling the attention of the heathen to him. Cyrus took it for granted, that those among the Jews who were able, would offer free-will offerings for the house of God. He would also have them supplied out of his kingdom. Well-wishers to the temple should be well-doers for it.

Verses 5-11 The same God that raised up the spirit of Cyrus to proclaim liberty to the Jews, raised up their spirits to take the benefit. The temptation was to some to stay in Babylon; but some feared not to return, and they were those whose spirits God raised, by his Spirit and grace. Whatever good we do, is owing to the grace of God. Our spirits naturally bow down to this earth and the things of it; if they move upward in any good affections or good actions, it is God who raises them. The calls and offers of the gospel are like the proclamation of Cyrus. Those bound under the power of sin, may be made free by Jesus Christ. Whosoever will, by repentance and faith, return to God, Jesus Christ has opened the way for him, and raises him out of the slavery of sin into the glorious liberty of the children of God. Many that hear this joyful sound, choose to sit still in Babylon, are in love with their sins, and will not venture upon a holy life; but some break through all discouragements, whatever it cost them; they are those whose spirit God has raised above the world and the flesh, whom he has made willing. Thus will the heavenly Canaan be filled, though many perish in Babylon; and the gospel offer will not have been made in vain. The bringing back the Jews from captivity, represents the redemption of sinners by Jesus Christ.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK OF EZRA

This book, in the Vulgate Latin and Arabic versions, is called the "First" Book of Ezra, Nehemiah being reckoned the "second"; but with the Jews both were accounted but one book {a}; in the Syriac version, it is called the Writing or Book of Ezra the Prophet; and this title is given him, both by Jews {b} and Christians {c}; in the Arabic version, it is called the First Book of Ezra the Priest, skilful in the Law; and that he was a priest is clear, since he was the son of Seraiah the high priest, who was slain by Nebuchadnezzar, and the younger brother of Josedech, who succeeded his father as high priest, and uncle to Joshua that succeeded him; and he was also a ready scribe in the law of Moses, see Ezr 7:1,6,10-12. That Ezra was the writer of this book is believed by the Jews {d}, and by the generality of Christians; only Huetius {e} thinks that the six first chapters were written by another hand, but his reasons are not satisfactory; and it has been universally received as canonical by all; it agrees with the prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah, and serves to illustrate them; it is of use for the continuation of the sacred history, to point at the fulfilment of prophecies concerning the return of the Jews from captivity, and the rebuilding of the temple; and to give us an account of the state of the church in those times, the troubles and difficulties it met with, and what care was taken to keep the tribes and families distinct, that it might be known from whom the Messiah sprung; this book contains an history of seventy years, according to the calculation of Bishop Usher {f}, from A. M. 3468, to A. M. 3538.

{a} Origen apud Euseb. Hist. Eccl. l. 6. c. 25. Hieron. Opera, tom. 3. Epist. ad Paulin. fol. 6. B. & ad Domnion. & Rogat. fol. 7. G. {b} Seder Olam Zuta, p. 108. {c} Lactant. Institut. l. 4. c. 11. {d} T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 15. 1. {e} Demonstr. Evangel. prop. 4. p. 208, 209. {f} Annal. Vet. Test. p. 146, 193.

\\INTRODUCTION TO EZRA 1\\

This chapter informs us of the proclamation of Cyrus king of Persia, for the Jews to return to their own country, and rebuild their temple, Ezr 1:1-4, and that, upon it, the chief of them rose up for that purpose, whose hands were strengthened and supplied by those about them, Ezr 1:5,6 and particularly by Cyrus, who gave orders that the vessels belonging to the temple should be delivered to them, Ezr 1:7-11.