Numbers 31:13-38

13 Moses and Eleazar the priest and all the chiefs of the congregation went to meet them outside the camp.
14 And Moses was angry with 1the officers of the army, the commanders of thousands and the commanders of hundreds, who had come from service in the war.
15 Moses said to them, "Have you 2let all the women live?
16 Behold, 3these, 4on Balaam's advice, caused the people of Israel to act treacherously against the LORD in the incident of 5Peor, and so 6the plague came among the congregation of the LORD.
17 Now therefore, 7kill every male among the little ones, and kill every woman who has known man by lying with him.
18 But all the young girls who have not known man by lying with him 8keep alive for yourselves.
19 9Encamp outside the camp seven days. Whoever of you has killed any person and 10whoever has touched any slain, purify yourselves and your captives on the third day and on the seventh day.
20 You shall purify every garment, every article of skin, all work of goats' hair, and every article of wood."
21 Then Eleazar the priest said to the men in the army who had gone to battle: "This is the statute of the law that the LORD has commanded Moses:
22 only the gold, the silver, the bronze, the iron, the tin, and the lead,
23 everything that can stand the fire, you shall pass through the fire, and it shall be clean. Nevertheless, it shall also be purified 11with the water for impurity. And whatever cannot stand the fire, you shall pass through the water.
24 You must 12wash your clothes on the seventh day, and you shall be clean. And afterward you may come into the camp."
25 The LORD said to Moses,
26 "Take the count of the plunder that was taken, both of man and of beast, you and Eleazar the priest and the heads of the fathers' houses of the congregation,
27 and 13divide the plunder into two parts between the warriors who went out to battle and all the congregation.
28 And levy for the LORD a tribute from the men of war who went out to battle, 14one out of five hundred, of the people and of the oxen and of the donkeys and of the flocks.
29 Take it from their half and give it to Eleazar the priest as a contribution to the LORD.
30 And from the people of Israel's half you shall take 15one drawn out of every fifty, of the people, of the oxen, of the donkeys, and of the flocks, of all the cattle, and give them to the Levites 16who keep guard over the tabernacle of the LORD."
31 And Moses and Eleazar the priest did as the LORD commanded Moses.
32 Now the plunder remaining of the spoil that the army took was 675,000 sheep,
33 72,000 cattle,
34 61,000 donkeys,
35 and 32,000 persons in all, women who had not known man by lying with him.
36 And the half, the portion of those who had gone out in the army, numbered 337,500 sheep,
37 and 17the LORD's tribute of sheep was 675.
38 The cattle were 36,000, of which the LORD's tribute was 72.

Numbers 31:13-38 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 31

This chapter contains an order to make war upon Midian, which was accordingly done, Nu 31:1-12, but Moses was wroth, because they saved the women alive, who, through the counsel of Balaam, had been the cause of sin, and of the plague for it in Israel, and therefore orders them, and the male children, to be slain, Nu 31:13-18, and then directs to the purification of the soldiers, their captives and spoil, Nu 31:19-24, and by the command of God an account is taken of the prey, and a division of it made between the soldiers and the congregation, and out of each part a tribute is levied for the Lord, Nu 31:25-31 and the sum of the whole booty is given, Nu 31:32-35 and of the part which belonged to the soldiers, and of the tribute given to the Lord, Nu 31:36-41 and of the part which belonged to the children of Israel, Nu 31:42-47 and besides the above tribute to the Lord, the officers made a voluntary oblation out of their spoil, both by way of gratitude for sparing their lives, and to make atonement for their souls, Nu 31:48-54.

Cross References 17

  • 1. ver. 48
  • 2. [1 Samuel 15:3]
  • 3. Numbers 25:2
  • 4. Numbers 24:14; 2 Peter 2:15; Revelation 2:14
  • 5. See Numbers 23:28
  • 6. Numbers 25:9
  • 7. Judges 21:11, 12
  • 8. See Deuteronomy 21:10-14
  • 9. Numbers 5:2
  • 10. See Numbers 19:12, 22
  • 11. Numbers 19:9
  • 12. See Leviticus 11:25
  • 13. Joshua 22:8; 1 Samuel 30:24
  • 14. [Numbers 18:26]; See ver. 30-41, 47
  • 15. See ver. 42-47
  • 16. See Numbers 1:53
  • 17. ver. 28
The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.