Ecclesiastes 4:8-16

8 There are people who are utterly alone, with no companions, not even a child or a sibling. Yet they work hard without end, never satisfied with their wealth. So for whom am I working so hard and depriving myself of enjoyment? This too is pointless and a terrible obsession.

9 Two are better than one because they have a good return for their hard work.

10 If either should fall, one can pick up the other. But how miserable are those who fall and don't have a companion to help them up!

11 Also, if two lie down together, they can stay warm. But how can anyone stay warm alone?

12 Also, one can be overpowered, but two together can put up resistance. A three-ply cord doesn't easily snap.

13 A poor but wise youth is better than an old and foolish king, who no longer listens to advice.

14 He emerged from prison to become king, even though during his rule a poor child is born.

15 I saw all who live and walk under the sun following the next youth who would rise to take his place.

16 There was no counting the number of people he ruled, but those who came later aren't happy with him. This too is pointless and a chasing after wind.

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Ecclesiastes 4:8-16 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO ECCLESIASTES 4

In this chapter the wise man reassumes the consideration of the case of the abuse of power, to show that there is no happiness in this world, in grandeur and authority enjoyed; since, as he had observed before, on the one hand, the oppressor shall be judged and condemned at the great day of account; so, on the other hand, the oppressed have their lives made so uncomfortable, that the dead are preferred unto them, and unborn persons to them both, Ec 4:1-3; Another vanity he observes, that whereas men expect to be happy by their diligence and industry, this brings upon them the envy of others, Ec 4:4; hence some, on the other hand, place their happiness in sloth and ease, which is another vanity, Ec 4:5,6; and others again in covetousness; who are described by their unsocial life, toilsome labour, unsatisfied desires, and withholding good things from themselves, Ec 4:7,8; upon which some things are said, to show the benefits of a social life, Ec 4:9-12. And the chapter is concluded with exposing the vanity of the highest instance of worldly power and grandeur, royal dignity, through the folly of a king; the effects of which are mentioned, Ec 4:13,14; and through the fickleness of the people, who are soon weary of a prince on the throne, and court his successor, Ec 4:15,16.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Footnotes 1

[a]. Possibly the youth of 4:13; or He emerged from prison to become king, even though he was born poor in the kingdom.