Psalms 148

Psalms 148:1-14 . The scope of this Psalm is the same as that of the preceding.

1. heavens [and] heights--are synonymous.

2. hosts--(compare Psalms 103:21 ).

4. heavens of heavens--the very highest.
waters--clouds, resting above the visible heavens (compare Genesis 1:7 ).

5. praise the name--as representing His perfections.
he commanded--"He" is emphatic, ascribing creation to God alone.

6. The perpetuity of the frame of nature is, of course, subject to Him who formed it.
a decree . . . pass--His ordinances respecting them shall not change ( Jeremiah 36:31 ), or perish ( Job 34:20 , Psalms 37:36 ).

7-10. The call on the earth, as opposed to heaven, includes seas or depths, whose inhabitants the dragon, as one of the largest (on most destructive and ungovernable agents of inanimate nature are introduced

8. fulfilling his word--or, law, may be understood of each. Next the most distinguished productions of the vegetable world.

9. fruitful trees--or, "trees of fruit," as opposed to forest trees. Wild and domestic, large and small animals are comprehended.

11, 12. Next all rational beings, from the highest in rank to little children.
princes--or, military leaders.

13. Let them--all mentioned.
excellent--or, exalted ( Isaiah 12:4 ).
his glory--majesty ( Psalms 45:3 ).
above the earth and heaven--Their united splendors fail to match His.

14. exalteth the horn--established power ( Psalms 75:5 Psalms 75:6 ).
praise of--or literally, "for"
his saints--that is, occasions for them to praise Him. They are further described as "His people," and "near unto Him," sustaining by covenanted care a peculiarly intimate relation.