2 Samuel 3

The House of David Grows Stronger

1 The battle [was] prolonged between the house of Saul and the house of David, but David {[was] growing stronger and stronger} while the house of Saul {[was] becoming weaker and weaker}.
2 And sons [were] born to David in Hebron; his firstborn [was] Amnon by Ahinoam {from Jezreel}.
3 His second [was] Kileab by Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite; the third [was] Absalom the son of Maacah, [who was] the daughter of Talmai the king of Geshur.
4 The fourth [was] Adonijah the son of Haggith; the fifth [was] Shephatiah the son of Abital.
5 The sixth [was] Ithream by Eglah the wife of David. These [were] born to David in Hebron.
6 As the war between the house of Saul and the house of David was [continuing], Abner was strengthening himself in the house of Saul.
7 Saul had had a concubine, and her name [was] Rizpah the daughter of Aiah. Then [Ish-Bosheth] said to Abner, "Why {did you have sex with} my father's concubine?"
8 {Abner became very angry} at the words of Ish-Bosheth, and he said, "[Am] I the head of a dog which [is] for Judah today? Do I not continue to show loyal love with the house of Saul your father, to his brothers, and to his friends? I have not let you fall into the hands of David, yet you have {accused me of sin with this woman} today.
9 Thus {may God punish Abner}, {if I do not accomplish what Yahweh has sworn to David};
10 [specifically,] to transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul and to establish the throne of David over Israel and over Judah from Dan to Beersheba!"
11 And [Ish-Bosheth] was no longer able to {answer} Abner {because he feared him}.

Abner Pledges Support for David

12 Abner sent messengers to David {where he was}, saying, "To whom does the land [belong]? {Make your covenant with me}! Look, my hand [is] with you to bring all of Israel over to you!"
13 He said, "Good. {I will make a covenant with you}. I am asking only one thing from you: You shall not see my face unless you bring Michal the daughter of Saul when you come to see {me}."
14 Then David sent messengers to Ish-Bosheth the son of Saul, saying, "Give [me] my wife Michal whom I betrothed to myself for a hundred foreskins of [the] Philistines."
15 So Ish-Bosheth sent and took her from [her] husband, from Paltiel the son of Laish.
16 But her husband went with her, {weeping all along} after her as far as Bahurim. Then Abner said to him, "Go [and] return." So he returned.
17 The word of Abner {came to} the elders of Israel, saying, "{For quite some time} you were seeking David as king over you.
18 So then, bring it about, because Yahweh had said to David, "Through the hand of David my servant [I am about] to save my people Israel from the hand of [the] Philistines and from the hand of all their enemies."
19 Abner also spoke {privately to Benjamin}. Abner also went {to speak to David} in Hebron, all that [was] good in the eyes of Israel and in the eyes of all the house of Benjamin.
20 Then Abner came to David in Hebron and with him [were] twenty men. David had prepared a feast for Abner and for the men who [were] with him.
21 And Abner said to David, "Let me get up and go and gather all of Israel to my lord the king, that they may {make a covenant} with you so you can reign over all which your soul desires." So David dismissed Abner, and he left in peace.
22 And look, the servants of David and Joab came from the raid, and they brought much plunder with them. But Abner was not with David at Hebron, for he had dismissed him, and he had gone in peace.
23 When Joab and all the army that [was] with him came, they told Joab, "Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he sent him away, and he left in peace."

Joab Assassinates Abner

24 Then Joab came to the king and said, "What have you done? Abner came here to you? Why have you dismissed him that he {actually went away}?
25 You know that Abner the son of Ner came to deceive you. He came to learn about your going out and coming [in] and to know all which you [are] doing."
26 Then Joab went out from David, and he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor Hasirah, but David did not know [it].
27 When Abner returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside to the middle of the gate to speak with him in private. Then he struck him in the stomach there and he died, {for he had shed the blood of Asahel his brother}.
28 When David heard this afterwards, he said: "I and my kingdom [are] innocent {before Yahweh} forever [for] the blood of Abner the son of Ner.
29 May [the blood] come down on the head of Joab and all the house of his father. {May the house of Joab never lack} [one with] a bodily discharge or [one with] leprosy or [one who] grasps the distaff or [one who] falls by the sword or [one who is] lacking food."
30 So Joab and Abishai, his brother, killed Abner because he had killed Asahel, their brother, at Gibeon in the battle.
31 David said to Joab and to all the people who [were] with him, "Tear your clothing and put on sackcloth and mourn before Abner." Now King David [was] following after the bier.
32 And they buried Abner at Hebron. And the king lifted up his voice and wept at the grave of Abner, and all the people wept.
33 The king sang a lament for Abner and said, "Should Abner have died the death of a fool?
34 Your hands [were] not tied and your feet [were] not in contact with bronze fetters. You have fallen as one who falls before sons of wickedness." Then {all the people wept over him again}.
35 Then all the people came to give David food. Still on that day, David swore, "{May God punish me} if I taste food or anything before the sun goes down."
36 All the people noticed, and it [was] good in their eyes, as everything that the king did [was] good in the eyes of all the people.
37 Then all the people and all of Israel realized on that day that {the king had not desired} to kill Abner the son of Ner.
38 Then the king said to his servants, "Did you not realize that a prince and a great man has fallen today in Israel?
39 I [am] weak today even though anointed king, and these men, the sons of Zeruiah, [are] crueler than I [am]. May Yahweh pay them back for doing wickedness according to their [own] wickedness."

Footnotes 32

  • [a]. Literally "[was] going and strong"
  • [b]. Literally "[was] going and weak"
  • [c]. Literally "the Jezreelitess"
  • [d]. Supported by some Hebrew and Greek manuscripts
  • [e]. Literally "have you gone into"
  • [f]. Literally "And it became hot for Abner very"
  • [g]. Literally "you have called me into account with the guilt of the woman"
  • [h]. Literally "may God do to Abner, and thus may he add to it"
  • [i]. Literally "for as that Yahweh has sworn to David, so I will accomplish for him"
  • [j]. Literally "return a word to"
  • [k]. Literally "because of his fearing him"
  • [l]. Literally "under him"
  • [m]. Literally "cut your covenant with me"
  • [n]. David
  • [o]. Literally "I will cut a covenant with you"
  • [p]. Literally "my face"
  • [q]. Hebrew "me"
  • [r]. The Hebrew Masoretic text (Kethib) reads "Lush"; Qere reads "Laish"
  • [s]. Literally "going and weeping"
  • [t]. Literally "was with"
  • [u]. Literally "Both yesterday and the day before"
  • [v]. Literally "in the ears of Benjamin"
  • [w]. Literally "to speak in the ears of David"
  • [x]. Literally "cut a covenant"
  • [y]. David
  • [z]. Literally "and he went going"
  • [aa]. Literally "for the blood of Asahel his brother." See Num 35:16-25
  • [ab]. Literally "from with Yahweh"
  • [ac]. Literally "May [there] not be cut off from the house of Joab"
  • [ad]. Literally "and all the people did again to weep over him"
  • [ae]. Literally "Thus may God do to me and thus may he add"
  • [af]. Literally "that it [was] not from the king"

2 Samuel 3 Commentaries

Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software.