Exodus 18:25

25 And Moses chose men of ability from all Israel, and he appointed them [as] heads over the people, [as] commanders of thousands, commanders of hundreds, commanders of fifties, and commanders of tens.

Exodus 18:25 Meaning and Commentary

Exodus 18:25

And Moses chose able men out of all Israel
He looked among them, and selected the best of them, such as most answered to the qualifications it was requisite they should have; and though only one of them is here mentioned, which is the first Jethro gave, yet no doubt they were all attended to, though not expressed:

and made them heads over the people;
rulers, governors, judges, and officers; this is a general word, comprehending their several particular offices they sustained; which seem to be chiefly distinguished by the different numbers of people, or families, under them, otherwise their work and office were much the same:

rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers
of tens;
just as Jethro advised, ( Exodus 18:21 ) . According to the Targum of Jonathan, the rulers of thousands were six hundred, rulers of hundreds 6000, rulers of fifties 12,000, and the rulers of tens 60,000; and so Jarchi; and the like account is given in both the Talmuds F24, where the whole is summed up, amounting to 78,600; which account Aben Ezra disapproves of, and thinks not credible: it is built upon the number of Israel at this time, when they came out of Egypt, being 600,000 men; and so if there was a ruler to every thousand men, there must be six hundred of them, and so on; but these thousands may intend not individual persons, but families, that these were appointed over, as the families of Israel and Judah are called their thousands, ( Micah 5:2 ) ( Judges 6:15 ) and this will serve greatly to reduce the number of these judges and officers.


FOOTNOTES:

F24 T. Hieros. Sanhedrin, fol. 19. 3. T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 18. 1.

Exodus 18:25 In-Context

23 If you will do this thing and God will command you, [then] you will be able to endure, and also each of the people will go to his home in peace."
24 And Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law, and he did all that he had said.
25 And Moses chose men of ability from all Israel, and he appointed them [as] heads over the people, [as] commanders of thousands, commanders of hundreds, commanders of fifties, and commanders of tens.
26 And they judged the people all the time; the difficult issues they would bring to Moses, and every minor issue they would judge themselves.
27 And Moses let his father-in-law go, and he went to his land.
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