Judges 21

A Decision Is Made About the Tribe of Benjamin

1 The men of Israel had sworn at Mizpah, saying, "None of us will give his daughter to Benjamin as a wife."
2 And the people of Bethel came and sat there until evening before God, and they lifted their voices and {wept bitterly}.
3 And they said, "Why, Yahweh, God of Israel, has it happened today in Israel that one tribe is lacking from Israel?"
4 On the next day the people rose early, and they built there an altar and sacrificed burnt offerings and fellowship offerings.
5 And the {Israelites} said, "Who in the assembly has not come up from all the tribes of Israel to Yahweh?" For a solemn oath was [taken] concerning whoever did not come up to Yahweh at Mizpah, saying, "He will certainly be put to death."
6 But the {Israelites} had compassion for Benjamin, their relatives, and they said, "Today one tribe is cut off from Israel.
7 What will we do for them--for the [ones] being left over--for wives? For we have sworn by Yahweh not to give to them our daughters as wives."
8 They asked, "Which one is there from the tribes of Israel who did not come up to Yahweh at Mizpah?" And behold, no one came from Jabesh-gilead to the camp, to the assembly.
9 The people were counted, and no one was there from the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead.
10 And the congregation sent there twelve thousand men from the troops, and they commanded them, saying, "Go, strike the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead with {the edge of the sword}, and the women and children.
11 This is the thing you will do: {you will destroy} every man and {every woman who had sex with a man}."
12 And they found among the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead four hundred young virgins who had not {had sex with a man}, and they brought them to the camp at Shiloh, which [is] in the land of Canaan.
13 Then the congregation sent and spoke all [this] to the descendants of Benjamin who [were] at the rock of Rimmon, and {they assured them they would not be hurt}.
14 And Benjamin returned at that time, and they gave to them the women whom they kept alive from Jabesh-gilead; but they were not enough for them.
15 And the people felt sorry for Benjamin because {Yahweh weakened the tribes of Israel}.
16 So the elders of the congregation said, "What should we do for the remaining [ones] for wives, since the women from Benjamin have been destroyed?"
17 And they said, "[There must be] a remnant for Benjamin, so that a tribe will not be blotted out from Israel.
18 But we cannot give them wives from our daughters." (For the {Israelites} swore, saying, "Cursed be [anyone] who gives a wife to Benjamin.")
19 And they said, "Look, the annual feast of Yahweh [is] in Shiloh, which [is] to the north of Bethel, {east} of [the] main road that goes up from Bethel to Shechem, and south of Lebonah.
20 They instructed the descendants of Benjamin, saying, "Go, lie in ambush in the vineyards,
21 and watch and look; when the daughters of Shiloh dance in the dances, come out from the vineyards and seize for yourselves a wife from the daughters of Shiloh, and go to the land of Benjamin.
22 And if their fathers or their brothers complain to us, we will say to them, 'Allow us to have them, because we did not capture a wife for each man in the battle, and because you did not give [them] to them, {or else} you would have been guilty.'"
23 The descendants of Benjamin did likewise, and they took wives for each of them from the dancers whom they seized, and they went and returned to their territory, and they rebuilt the cities and they lived in them.
24 So the {Israelites} dispersed from there at that time according to tribe and family; and they went out from there, each one to their own territory.
25 In those days there was no king in Israel; each one did what was right in his own eyes.

Judges 21 Commentary

Chapter 21

The Israelites lament for the Benjamites.

- Israel lamented for the Benjamites, and were perplexed by the oath they had taken, not to give their daughters to them in marriage. Men are more zealous to support their own authority than that of God. They would have acted better if they had repented of their rash oaths, brought sin-offerings, and sought forgiveness in the appointed way, rather than attempt to avoid the guilt of perjury by actions quite as wrong. That men can advise others to acts of treachery or violence, out of a sense of duty, forms a strong proof of the blindness of the human mind when left to itself, and of the fatal effects of a conscience under ignorance and error.

Footnotes 18

  • [a]. Literally "they cried a great weeping"
  • [b]. Literally "sons/children of Israel"
  • [c]. Literally "sons/children of Israel"
  • [d]. Hebrew "his brother"
  • [e]. Literally "[the] mouth of [the] sword"
  • [f]. Literally "you will devote to destruction"
  • [g]. Literally "every woman who knows the bed of a man"
  • [h]. Hebrew "virgin"
  • [i]. Literally "known a man, as far as [the] bed of a male"
  • [j]. Or "sons/children"
  • [k]. Literally "they proclaimed peace to them"
  • [l]. Literally "Yahweh make a breach with the tribes of Israel"
  • [m]. Literally "sons/children of Israel"
  • [n]. Literally "rising of the sun"
  • [o]. Or "sons/children"
  • [p]. Literally "as the time"
  • [q]. Or "sons/children"
  • [r]. Literally "sons/children of Israel"

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO JUDGES 21

This chapter relates how that when the Israelites calmed down, and seriously to reflect on what had passed, they were sore grieved, and much lamented the case of Benjamin, and were particularly concerned what they should do for wives for those few men that remained, that the tribe might be built up again, Jud 21:1-7 and for these they provided wives, partly out of Jabeshgilead, the inhabitants of which came not up to the convention at Mizpeh, and therefore they smote them, men, women, and children, only reserved four hundred virgins, whom they gave to the men of Benjamin, Jud 21:8-15, and partly from among the daughters of Shiloh, taken at a yearly feast there, the taking of whom was connived at, the other number not being sufficient, Jud 21:16-25.

Judges 21 Commentaries

Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software.