Leviticus 19:1-28

Various Laws

1 The LORD said to Moses,
2 “Speak to the entire assembly of Israel and say to them: ‘Be holy because I, the LORD your God, am holy.
3 “ ‘Each of you must respect your mother and father, and you must observe my Sabbaths. I am the LORD your God.
4 “ ‘Do not turn to idols or make metal gods for yourselves. I am the LORD your God.
5 “ ‘When you sacrifice a fellowship offering to the LORD, sacrifice it in such a way that it will be accepted on your behalf.
6 It shall be eaten on the day you sacrifice it or on the next day; anything left over until the third day must be burned up.
7 If any of it is eaten on the third day, it is impure and will not be accepted.
8 Whoever eats it will be held responsible because they have desecrated what is holy to the LORD; they must be cut off from their people.
9 “ ‘When you reap the harvest of your land, do not reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.
10 Do not go over your vineyard a second time or pick up the grapes that have fallen. Leave them for the poor and the foreigner. I am the LORD your God.
11 “ ‘Do not steal. “ ‘Do not lie. “ ‘Do not deceive one another.
12 “ ‘Do not swear falsely by my name and so profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.
13 “ ‘Do not defraud or rob your neighbor. “ ‘Do not hold back the wages of a hired worker overnight.
14 “ ‘Do not curse the deaf or put a stumbling block in front of the blind, but fear your God. I am the LORD.
15 “ ‘Do not pervert justice; do not show partiality to the poor or favoritism to the great, but judge your neighbor fairly.
16 “ ‘Do not go about spreading slander among your people. “ ‘Do not do anything that endangers your neighbor’s life. I am the LORD.
17 “ ‘Do not hate a fellow Israelite in your heart. Rebuke your neighbor frankly so you will not share in their guilt.
18 “ ‘Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against anyone among your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.
19 “ ‘Keep my decrees. “ ‘Do not mate different kinds of animals. “ ‘Do not plant your field with two kinds of seed. “ ‘Do not wear clothing woven of two kinds of material.
20 “ ‘If a man sleeps with a female slave who is promised to another man but who has not been ransomed or given her freedom, there must be due punishment.[a] Yet they are not to be put to death, because she had not been freed.
21 The man, however, must bring a ram to the entrance to the tent of meeting for a guilt offering to the LORD.
22 With the ram of the guilt offering the priest is to make atonement for him before the LORD for the sin he has committed, and his sin will be forgiven.
23 “ ‘When you enter the land and plant any kind of fruit tree, regard its fruit as forbidden.[b] For three years you are to consider it forbidden[c] ; it must not be eaten.
24 In the fourth year all its fruit will be holy, an offering of praise to the LORD.
25 But in the fifth year you may eat its fruit. In this way your harvest will be increased. I am the LORD your God.
26 “ ‘Do not eat any meat with the blood still in it. “ ‘Do not practice divination or seek omens.
27 “ ‘Do not cut the hair at the sides of your head or clip off the edges of your beard.
28 “ ‘Do not cut your bodies for the dead or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the LORD.

Leviticus 19:1-28 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO LEVITICUS 19

This chapter contains various laws, ceremonial and moral, tending to the sanctification of men, in imitation of the holy God, Le 19:1,2; as concerning the reverence of parents, and observing the sabbaths, Le 19:3; against idolatry, Le 19:4; about offering and eating of peace offerings, Le 19:5-8; concerning harvest and gleaning of fields and vineyards, Le 19:9,10; respecting the breach of several of the commandments of the law, as the eighth, ninth, and third, particularly, Le 19:11-13; and others relating to the ill usage of the deaf and blind, and having respect to persons rich or poor in judgment, and acting the part of a tale bearer among people, Le 19:14-16; and bearing hatred and ill will to any of their neighbours, Le 19:17,18; and others forbidding mixtures in the generation of cattle, sowing fields, and wearing apparel, Le 19:19; and concerning the punishment of a man that lay with a bondmaid, and the offering he should bring for his atonement, Le 19:20-22; then follow certain laws concerning fruit trees, when the fruit of them should be eaten, Le 19:23-25; and concerning eating with blood, using enchantments, and observing times, and managing the hair of the head and beard, and avoiding to make any marks, prints, and cuttings in the flesh for the dead, Le 19:26-28; a caution not to prostitute a daughter to whoredom, and to observe the sabbath, and reverence the sanctuary of God, and pay no regard to wizards and familiar spirits, Le 19:29-31; to show reverence to ancient persons, and not to vex and distress strangers, Le 19:32-34; and to do no injustice in weight and measure, Le 19:35,36; all which instructions are to be carefully observed, and put in execution, Le 19:37.

Cross References 56

  • 1. Numbers 14:5; Psalms 68:26
  • 2. S Exodus 20:2
  • 3. S Exodus 15:11; 1 Peter 1:16*; S Leviticus 11:44; S Leviticus 20:26
  • 4. Exodus 20:12
  • 5. S Exodus 20:8
  • 6. Leviticus 11:44
  • 7. S Exodus 20:4; Exodus 20:4,23; Exodus 34:17; Leviticus 26:1; Judges 17:3; Psalms 96:5; Psalms 115:4-7; Psalms 135:15
  • 8. Leviticus 11:44
  • 9. Leviticus 7:16-17
  • 10. Leviticus 7:18
  • 11. S Leviticus 5:1
  • 12. Lev 22:2,15,16; Numbers 18:32
  • 13. S Genesis 17:14
  • 14. Ru 2:2,3,7,16,17
  • 15. Leviticus 23:10,22; Deuteronomy 24:19-22; Job 24:10
  • 16. Deuteronomy 24:20
  • 17. ver 9
  • 18. Deuteronomy 24:19,21
  • 19. Exodus 20:15; S Exodus 23:4; Luke 3:14
  • 20. S Exodus 20:16; S Ephesians 4:25
  • 21. S Leviticus 6:2
  • 22. Jeremiah 5:2; Jeremiah 7:9; Malachi 3:5
  • 23. Exodus 3:13; Exodus 20:7; Deuteronomy 18:19; Proverbs 18:10; Isaiah 42:8; Jeremiah 44:16,26; S Matthew 5:33
  • 24. Jeremiah 34:16
  • 25. Leviticus 25:14,17
  • 26. S Exodus 20:15
  • 27. S Ex 22:15,25-27
  • 28. Job 7:2; Job 24:12; Job 31:39; Isaiah 16:14; Malachi 3:5
  • 29. Deuteronomy 24:15; Jeremiah 22:13; Matthew 20:8; 1 Timothy 5:18; James 5:4
  • 30. S Exodus 4:11; Leviticus 21:18; Deuteronomy 27:18
  • 31. ver 32; Leviticus 25:17,36
  • 32. S Exodus 23:2; Exodus 23:2,6
  • 33. Deuteronomy 1:17; Deuteronomy 24:17; Job 13:8,10; Job 32:21; Proverbs 28:21
  • 34. Job 34:19
  • 35. S Exodus 23:8; Proverbs 24:23; Malachi 2:9; James 2:1-4
  • 36. Psalms 15:3; Psalms 31:13; Psalms 41:6; Psalms 101:5; Jeremiah 6:28; Jeremiah 9:4; Ezekiel 22:9
  • 37. Exodus 23:7; Deuteronomy 10:17; Deuteronomy 27:25; Psalms 15:5; Ezekiel 22:12
  • 38. S 1 John 2:9; 1 John 3:15
  • 39. S Matthew 18:15; Luke 17:3
  • 40. S Genesis 4:23; Romans 12:19; Hebrews 10:30
  • 41. Psalms 103:9
  • 42. S Exodus 12:48
  • 43. S Exodus 20:16
  • 44. ver 34; S Matthew 5:43*; Matthew 19:16*; Matthew 22:39*; Mark 12:31*; Luke 10:27*; John 13:34; Romans 13:9*; Galatians 5:14*; James 2:8*
  • 45. S Genesis 26:5
  • 46. Deuteronomy 22:9
  • 47. Deuteronomy 22:11
  • 48. Deuteronomy 22:23-27
  • 49. S Leviticus 5:15
  • 50. S Leviticus 5:15
  • 51. S Exodus 22:29; Proverbs 3:9
  • 52. S Genesis 9:4; Leviticus 17:10
  • 53. S Genesis 30:27; S Isaiah 44:25
  • 54. S Exodus 22:18; 2 Kings 17:17; Deuteronomy 18:10
  • 55. Leviticus 21:5; Deuteronomy 14:1; 2 Samuel 10:4-5; Jeremiah 41:5; Jeremiah 48:37; Ezekiel 5:1-5
  • 56. Leviticus 21:5; Deuteronomy 14:1; 1 Kings 18:28; Jeremiah 16:6; Jeremiah 41:5; Jeremiah 47:5

Footnotes 3

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