1 Samuel 18 (New American Standard)

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Jonathan and David

1 Now it came about when he had finished speaking to Saul, that ¹the soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David, and ²Jonathan loved him as himself. 2 Saul took him that day and ³did not let him return to his father's house. 3 Then ⁴Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself. 4 ⁵Jonathan stripped himself of the robe that was on him and gave it to David, with his armor, including his sword and his bow and his belt. 5 So David went out wherever Saul sent him, and ^aprospered ; and Saul set him over the men of war. And it was pleasing in the sight of all the people and also in the sight of Saul's servants. 6 It happened as they were coming, when David returned from killing the Philistine, that ⁶the women came out of all the cities of Israel, singing and dancing, to meet King Saul, with tambourines, with joy and with ^bmusical instruments. 7 The women ⁷sang as they ^cplayed, and said, "⁸Saul has slain his thousands, ⁹And David his ten thousands." 8 Then Saul became very angry, for this saying ^ddispleased him; and he said, "They have ascribed to David ten thousands, but to me they have ascribed thousands. Now ¹⁰what more can he have but the kingdom ?" 9 Saul looked at David with suspicion from that day on.

Saul Turns against David

10 Now it came about on the next day that ¹¹an evil spirit from God came mightily upon Saul, and ¹²he raved in the midst of the house, while David was playing the harp with his hand, ^e¹³as usual ; and ^f¹⁴a spear was in Saul's hand. 11 ¹⁵Saul hurled the spear for he thought, "I will ^gpin David to the wall." But David ^hescaped from his presence twice. 12 Now ¹⁶Saul was afraid of David, ¹⁷for the LORD was with him but ¹⁸had departed from Saul. 13 Therefore Saul removed him from ⁱhis presence and appointed him as his commander of a thousand ; and ¹⁹he went out and came in before the people. 14 David was ^jprospering in all his ways for ²⁰the LORD was with him. 15 When Saul saw that he was ^kprospering greatly, he dreaded him. 16 But ²¹all Israel and Judah loved David, and he went out and came in before them. 17 Then Saul said to David, "²²Here is my older daughter Merab ; I will give her to you as a wife, only be a valiant man for me and fight ²³the LORD'S battles." For Saul thought, "My hand shall not be against him, but ²⁴let the hand of the Philistines be against him." 18 But David said to Saul, "²⁵Who am I, and what is my life or my father's family in Israel, that I should be the king's son-in-law ?" 19 So it came about at the time when Merab, Saul's daughter, should have been given to David, that she was given to ²⁶Adriel ²⁷the Meholathite for a wife.

David Marries Saul's Daughter

20 Now ²⁸Michal, Saul's daughter, loved David. When they told Saul, the thing was agreeable ^lto him. 21 Saul thought, "I will give her to him that she may become a snare to him, and ²⁹that the hand of the Philistines may be against him." Therefore Saul said to David, "³⁰For a second time you may be my son-in-law today." 22 Then Saul commanded his servants, "Speak to David secretly, saying, 'Behold, the king delights in you, and all his servants love you; now therefore, become the king's son-in-law.' " 23 So Saul's servants spoke these words ^mto David. But David said, "Is it trivial in your sight to become the king's son-in-law, ³¹since I am a poor man and lightly esteemed ?" 24 The servants of Saul reported to him ⁿaccording to these words which David spoke. 25 Saul then said, "Thus you shall say to David, 'The king does not desire any ³²dowry except a hundred foreskins of the Philistines, ³³to take vengeance on the king's enemies.' " Now ³⁴Saul planned to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines. 26 When his servants told David these words, ^oit pleased David to become the king's son-in-law. ^p³⁵Before the days had expired 27 David rose up and went, ³⁶he and his men, and struck down two hundred men among the Philistines. Then ³⁷David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full number to the king, that he might become the king's son-in-law. So Saul gave him Michal his daughter for a wife. 28 When Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David, and that Michal, Saul's daughter, loved him, 29 then Saul was even more afraid of David. Thus Saul was David's enemy continually . 30 Then the commanders of the Philistines ³⁸went out to battle, and it happened as often as they went out, that David ³⁹behaved himself more wisely than all the servants of Saul. So his name was highly esteemed.

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Wesley's Explanatory Notes

a. 1 Samuel 18:5 - Or "acted wisely"

b. 1 Samuel 18:6 - I.e. triangles; or three-stringed instruments

c. 1 Samuel 18:7 - Or "danced"

d. 1 Samuel 18:8 - Lit "was evil in his eyes"

e. 1 Samuel 18:10 - Lit "day by day"

f. 1 Samuel 18:10 - Lit "the"

g. 1 Samuel 18:11 - Lit "strike David and the wall"

h. 1 Samuel 18:11 - Lit "turned about"

i. 1 Samuel 18:13 - Lit "with him"

j. 1 Samuel 18:14 - Or "acting wisely"

k. 1 Samuel 18:15 - Or "acting very wisely"

l. 1 Samuel 18:20 - Lit "in his sight"

m. 1 Samuel 18:23 - Lit "in the ears of"

n. 1 Samuel 18:24 - Lit "by saying according"

o. 1 Samuel 18:26 - Lit "it was agreeable in the sight of"

p. 1 Samuel 18:26 - Lit "And the days had not expired"

1. 1 Samuel 18:1 - Gen 44:30

2. 1 Samuel 18:1 - Deut 13:6; 1 Sam 20:17; 2 Sam 1:26

3. 1 Samuel 18:2 - 1 Sam 17:15

4. 1 Samuel 18:3 - 1 Sam 20:8-17

5. 1 Samuel 18:4 - Gen 41:42; 1 Sam 17:38; Esth 6:8

6. 1 Samuel 18:6 - Ex 15:20, 21; Judg 11:34; Ps 68:25; 149:3

7. 1 Samuel 18:7 - Ex 15:21; 1 Sam 21:11; 29:5

8. 1 Samuel 18:7 - 1 Sam 21:11

9. 1 Samuel 18:7 - 2 Sam 18:3

10. 1 Samuel 18:8 - 1 Sam 15:28

11. 1 Samuel 18:10 - 1 Sam 16:14

12. 1 Samuel 18:10 - 1 Sam 19:23, 24

13. 1 Samuel 18:10 - 1 Sam 16:23

14. 1 Samuel 18:10 - 1 Sam 19:9

15. 1 Samuel 18:11 - 1 Sam 19:10; 20:33

16. 1 Samuel 18:12 - 1 Sam 18:15, 29

17. 1 Samuel 18:12 - 1 Sam 16:13, 18

18. 1 Samuel 18:12 - 1 Sam 16:14; 28:15

19. 1 Samuel 18:13 - Num 27:17; 1 Sam 18:16; 2 Sam 5:2

20. 1 Samuel 18:14 - Gen 39:2, 3, 23; Josh 6:27; 1 Sam 16:18

21. 1 Samuel 18:16 - 1 Sam 18:5

22. 1 Samuel 18:17 - 1 Sam 17:25

23. 1 Samuel 18:17 - Num 21:14; 1 Sam 17:36, 47; 25:28

24. 1 Samuel 18:17 - 1 Sam 18:21, 25

25. 1 Samuel 18:18 - 1 Sam 9:21; 18:23; 2 Sam 7:18

26. 1 Samuel 18:19 - 2 Sam 21:8

27. 1 Samuel 18:19 - Judg 7:22; 1 Kin 19:16

28. 1 Samuel 18:20 - 1 Sam 18:28

29. 1 Samuel 18:21 - 1 Sam 18:17

30. 1 Samuel 18:21 - 1 Sam 18:26

31. 1 Samuel 18:23 - Gen 29:20; 34:12

32. 1 Samuel 18:25 - Gen 34:12; Ex 22:17

33. 1 Samuel 18:25 - 1 Sam 14:24

34. 1 Samuel 18:25 - 1 Sam 18:17

35. 1 Samuel 18:26 - 1 Sam 18:21

36. 1 Samuel 18:27 - 1 Sam 18:17

37. 1 Samuel 18:27 - 2 Sam 3:14

38. 1 Samuel 18:30 - 2 Sam 11:1

39. 1 Samuel 18:30 - 1 Sam 18:5

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