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Deuteronomy 20:5-15

Listen to Deuteronomy 20:5-15
5 "The officers also shall speak to the people, saying, 'Who is the man that has built a new house and has not 1dedicated it? Let him depart and return to his house, otherwise he might die in the battle and another man would dedicate it.
6 'Who is the man that has planted a vineyard and has not begun to use its fruit? Let him depart and return to his house, otherwise he might die in the battle and another man would begin to use its fruit.
7 '2And who is the man that is engaged to a woman and has not married her? Let him depart and return to his house, otherwise he might die in the battle and another man would marry her.'
8 "Then the officers shall speak further to the people and say, '3Who is the man that is afraid and fainthearted *? Let him depart and return to his house, so that he might not make his brothers' hearts melt like his heart.'
9 "When the officers have finished speaking to the people, they shall appoint commanders of armies at the head of the people.
10 "When you approach a city to fight against it, you shall offer it terms of peace.
11 "If it agrees to make peace with you and opens to you, then all the people who are found in it shall become your 4forced labor and shall serve you.
12 "However, if it does not make peace with you, but makes war against you, then you shall besiege it.
13 "When the LORD your God gives it into your hand, 5you shall strike all the men in it with the edge of the sword.
14 "Only the women and the children and 6the animals and all that is in the city, all its spoil, you shall take as booty for yourself; and you shall use the spoil of your enemies which the LORD your God has given you.
15 "Thus you shall do to all the cities that are very far from you, which are not of the cities of these nations nearby.

Deuteronomy 20:5-15 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 20

In this chapter rules are given to be observed in times of war. When a battle was near, a priest was to address the soldiers, and encourage them to fight, De 20:1-4, then the officers were to declare who might return home, De 20:5-9 when an enemy's city was approached, peace was to be proclaimed on certain conditions, which, if accepted of, the inhabitants were to be tributaries and servants, but if not, when taken, all were to be put to the sword, excepting women, children, and cattle, De 20:10-15, but those of the seven nations were to be utterly destroyed, De 20:16-18, and, during a siege, no trees bearing fruit fit for food were to be cut down, De 20:19.

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Cross References 6

  • 1. Nehemiah 12:27
  • 2. Deuteronomy 24:5
  • 3. Judges 7:3
  • 4. 1 Kings 9:21
  • 5. Numbers 31:7
  • 6. Joshua 8:2

Footnotes 10

  • [a] Lit "treat(ed) it as common"
  • [b] Lit "treat(ed) it as common"
  • [c] Lit "taken"
  • [d] Lit "take"
  • [e] So with Gr and other ancient versions
  • [f] Lit "call to it for peace"
  • [g] Lit "answers peace"
  • [h] Lit "males"
  • [i] Lit "eat"
  • [j] Lit "here"
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. www.Lockman.org

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