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Deuteronomy 21:1-10

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Expiation of a Crime

1 "If a slain person is found lying in the open country in the land which the LORD your God gives you to possess, and it is not known who has struck him,
2 then your elders and your judges shall go out and measure the distance to the cities which are around the slain one.
3 "It shall be that the city which is nearest to the slain man, that is, the elders of that city, shall take a heifer of the herd, which has not been worked and which has not pulled in a yoke;
4 and the elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a valley with running water, which has not been plowed or sown, and shall break the heifer's neck there in the valley.
5 "Then 1the priests, the sons of Levi, shall come near, for the LORD your God has chosen them to serve Him and to bless in the name of the LORD; and every dispute and every assault shall be settled * by them.
6 "All the elders of that city which is nearest to the slain man shall 2wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley;
7 and they shall answer and say, 'Our hands did not shed this blood, nor did our eyes see it.
8 'Forgive Your people Israel whom You have redeemed, O LORD, and do not place the guilt of 3innocent blood in the midst of Your people Israel.' And the bloodguiltiness shall be forgiven them.
9 "4So you shall remove the guilt of innocent blood from your midst, when you do what is right in the eyes of the LORD.

Domestic Relations

10 "When you go out to battle against your enemies, and 5the LORD your God delivers them into your hands and you take them away captive,
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Deuteronomy 21:1-10 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 21

This chapter treats of the beheading of the heifer, for the expiation of unknown murder, and the rules to be observed in it, De 21:1-9 of a beautiful captive woman an Israelite is desirous of having for his wife, and what methods he must take to accomplish it, De 21:10-14, of giving the double portion to the firstborn, which he must not be deprived of in favour of the son of a beloved wife, De 21:15-17 and of the stubborn and rebellious son, who remaining so must be put to death, De 21:18-21 and of burying a person hanged on a tree the same day he is executed, De 21:22,23.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 5

  • 1. Deuteronomy 17:9-11; Deuteronomy 19:17; 1 Chronicles 23:13
  • 2. Matthew 27:24
  • 3. Numbers 35:33, 34; Jonah 1:14
  • 4. Deuteronomy 19:13
  • 5. Joshua 21:44

Footnotes 6

New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, California.  All rights reserved.