Numbers 18:1-17

Duties of Priests and Levites

1 The LORD said to Aaron, “You, your sons and your family are to bear the responsibility for offenses connected with the sanctuary, and you and your sons alone are to bear the responsibility for offenses connected with the priesthood.
2 Bring your fellow Levites from your ancestral tribe to join you and assist you when you and your sons minister before the tent of the covenant law.
3 They are to be responsible to you and are to perform all the duties of the tent, but they must not go near the furnishings of the sanctuary or the altar. Otherwise both they and you will die.
4 They are to join you and be responsible for the care of the tent of meeting—all the work at the tent—and no one else may come near where you are.
5 “You are to be responsible for the care of the sanctuary and the altar, so that my wrath will not fall on the Israelites again.
6 I myself have selected your fellow Levites from among the Israelites as a gift to you, dedicated to the LORD to do the work at the tent of meeting.
7 But only you and your sons may serve as priests in connection with everything at the altar and inside the curtain. I am giving you the service of the priesthood as a gift. Anyone else who comes near the sanctuary is to be put to death.”

Offerings for Priests and Levites

8 Then the LORD said to Aaron, “I myself have put you in charge of the offerings presented to me; all the holy offerings the Israelites give me I give to you and your sons as your portion, your perpetual share.
9 You are to have the part of the most holy offerings that is kept from the fire. From all the gifts they bring me as most holy offerings, whether grain or sin[a] or guilt offerings, that part belongs to you and your sons.
10 Eat it as something most holy; every male shall eat it. You must regard it as holy.
11 “This also is yours: whatever is set aside from the gifts of all the wave offerings of the Israelites. I give this to you and your sons and daughters as your perpetual share. Everyone in your household who is ceremonially clean may eat it.
12 “I give you all the finest olive oil and all the finest new wine and grain they give the LORD as the firstfruits of their harvest.
13 All the land’s firstfruits that they bring to the LORD will be yours. Everyone in your household who is ceremonially clean may eat it.
14 “Everything in Israel that is devoted[b] to the LORD is yours.
15 The first offspring of every womb, both human and animal, that is offered to the LORD is yours. But you must redeem every firstborn son and every firstborn male of unclean animals.
16 When they are a month old, you must redeem them at the redemption price set at five shekels[c] of silver, according to the sanctuary shekel, which weighs twenty gerahs.
17 “But you must not redeem the firstborn of a cow, a sheep or a goat; they are holy. Splash their blood against the altar and burn their fat as a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the LORD.

Numbers 18:1-17 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 18

This chapter gives an account of the distinct work and service of the priests and Levites, Nu 18:1-7; and of several things given to the priests for their maintenance, Nu 18:8-19; and of the tithes the Levites should have to live upon, since they were to have no inheritance in the land of Israel, Nu 18:20-24; and of the tenth out of those tithes they were to give to the high priest, Nu 18:25-32.

Cross References 41

  • 1. S Exodus 28:38
  • 2. Numbers 3:10
  • 3. S Numbers 3:32
  • 4. Numbers 1:51
  • 5. ver 7; Numbers 4:15
  • 6. S Numbers 3:38
  • 7. ver 3; Leviticus 6:12; Numbers 16:46
  • 8. S Numbers 3:9
  • 9. Numbers 3:8
  • 10. Hebrews 9:3,6
  • 11. ver 20; Exodus 29:9; Exodus 40:13; Hebrews 5:4
  • 12. ver 3; Numbers 3:10
  • 13. S Leviticus 2:2
  • 14. Leviticus 6:16; Leviticus 7:6,31-34,36; Deuteronomy 18:1; 2 Chronicles 31:4
  • 15. S Leviticus 6:17
  • 16. Leviticus 2:1
  • 17. Leviticus 6:25
  • 18. S Leviticus 5:15; Leviticus 7:7
  • 19. S Leviticus 6:16
  • 20. Leviticus 6:17,18
  • 21. Exodus 29:26; Leviticus 7:30; Numbers 6:20
  • 22. Leviticus 7:31-34
  • 23. Leviticus 13:3; Leviticus 22:1-16
  • 24. Deuteronomy 7:13; Deuteronomy 11:14; Deuteronomy 12:17; Deuteronomy 28:51; 2 Kings 18:32; 2 Chronicles 31:5; Nehemiah 10:37; Jeremiah 31:12; Ezekiel 23:41; Hosea 2:8; Joel 1:10; Haggai 1:11
  • 25. S Genesis 4:3
  • 26. Exodus 23:19; Exodus 34:26; Nehemiah 10:35
  • 27. S Exodus 29:27; Exodus 22:29; Exodus 23:19
  • 28. ver 11
  • 29. S Leviticus 27:21; Joshua 6:17-19; Leviticus 27:28
  • 30. Exodus 13:2
  • 31. S Numbers 3:46
  • 32. S Genesis 10:15
  • 33. S Exodus 13:13
  • 34. S Numbers 3:15
  • 35. S Leviticus 27:6
  • 36. S Exodus 30:13
  • 37. Numbers 3:47
  • 38. S Leviticus 27:9; Deuteronomy 15:19
  • 39. S Leviticus 3:2
  • 40. S Exodus 29:13
  • 41. S Leviticus 1:9

Footnotes 3

  • [a]. Or "purification"
  • [b]. The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord.
  • [c]. That is, about 2 ounces or about 58 grams
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