James 2:14-26

Faith and Works

14 ¹What use is it, ²my brethren, if someone says he has faith but he has no works? Can that faith save him?

15 ³If a brother or sister is without clothing and in need of daily food,

16 and one of you says to them, "⁴Go in peace, be warmed and be filled," and yet you do not give them what is necessary for their body, what use is that?

17 Even so ⁵faith, if it has no works, is dead, being by itself.

18 ⁶But someone may well say, "You have faith and I have works; show me your ⁷faith without the works, and I will ⁸show you my faith ⁹by my works."

19 You believe that ¹⁰God is one. ¹¹You do well; ¹²the demons also believe, and shudder.

20 But are you willing to recognize, ¹³you foolish fellow, that ¹⁴faith without works is useless?

21 ¹⁵Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?

22 You see that ¹⁶faith was working with his works, and as a result of the ¹⁷works, faith was perfected;

23 and the Scripture was fulfilled which says, "¹⁸AND ABRAHAM BELIEVED GOD, AND IT WAS RECKONED TO HIM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS," and he was called ¹⁹the friend of God.

24 You see that a man is justified by works and not by faith alone.

25 In the same way, was not ²⁰Rahab the harlot also justified by works ²¹when she received the messengers and sent them out by another way?

26 For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so also ²²faith without works is dead.

James 2:14-26 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO JAMES 2

In this chapter the apostle dissuades from a respect of persons, on account of outward circumstances; shows that the law is to be fulfilled, and that mercy is to be exercised, as well as justice done; and exposes the folly of such who boast of faith without works: he dissuades the saints from all partiality to the rich and poor, from their relation to one another, as brethren, and from their common faith, of which Christ, the Lord of glory, is the object, Jas 2:1 supposes an instance of it, either in a court of judicature, or a religious assembly, Jas 2:2,3 and then makes an appeal unto them, and expostulates with them about it, Jas 2:4 and makes use of an argument against it, taken from the divine conduct, and an instance of his grace in the choice of persons to eternal life, Jas 2:5 a conduct very different from some persons here blamed, Jas 2:6, and other arguments follow, dissuading from a respect of persons, taken from the characters of rich men, as oppressors of the poor, litigious and quarrelsome with their neighbours, and blasphemers of the name of God, Jas 2:7 and from the law of God, which requires the love of the neighbour, and which to fulfil is to do well, Jas 2:8 and from the breach of it, by having respect to persons, whereby its penalty is incurred, Jas 2:9 for which a reason is given; because whoever offends in one point of the law, is guilty of the whole, Jas 2:10 as is a clear case, since the same lawgiver that forbids one sin, forbids another; so that he that is guilty of either of them is a transgressor of the law, Jas 2:11 wherefore it is right both to speak and act according to it, since men will be judged by it, Jas 2:12 and he will have no mercy shown him that has shown none to the poor, but merciful ones will escape damnation, Jas 2:13 and then the apostle argues from the unprofitableness of faith itself without works, Jas 2:14 and which he exemplifies in the case of a poor brother or sister who are wished well, but nothing given them; which good words, without deeds, are of no profit, Jas 2:15,16 so in like manner, faith without works is a dead faith, Jas 2:17 nor indeed can it be made out that a man has faith, if he has not works, Jas 2:18 at least such a faith as has justification and salvation connected with it; his faith, at most, is no better than that of the devils, who are damned, Jas 2:19 and that such a faith is a dead faith, Jas 2:2 and that true faith is attended with, and evidenced by works, the apostle proves by two instances; the one is that of Abraham, whose faith appeared to be genuine, and he to be a justified person, by the works he did; particularly by offering up his son Isaac; in which way his faith operated, and showed itself to be sincere and hearty; and the Scripture was fulfilled that Abraham was a believer; and had righteousness imputed to him, and was a friend of God, and a justified person, Jas 2:21-24 and the other instance is that of Rahab, whose faith was also shown by her works, and so a justified person, by receiving the spies with peace, and dismissing them with safety, Jas 2:25, and then the apostle explains what he means, by saying more than once, that faith without works is dead; which he illustrates by the simile of a man's body being dead, without the spirit or soul in it, Jas 2:26.

Cross References

• 1. James 1:22f
• 2. James 1:16
• 3. Matthew 25:35; Luke 3:11
• 4. 1 John 3:17
• 5. Galatians 5:6; James 2:20, 26
• 6. Romans 9:19
• 7. Romans 3:28; Romans 4:6; Hebrews 11:33
• 8. James 3:13
• 9. Matthew 7:16; Galatians 5:6
• 10. Deuteronomy 6:4; Mark 12:29
• 11. James 2:8
• 12. Matthew 8:29; Mark 1:24; Mark 5:7; Luke 4:34; Acts 19:15
• 13. Romans 9:20; 1 Corinthians 15:36
• 14. Galatians 5:6; James 2:17, 26
• 15. Gen 22:9, 10, 12, 16-18
• 16. John 6:29; Hebrews 11:17
• 17. 1 Thessalonians 1:3
• 18. Genesis 15:6; Romans 4:3
• 19. 2 Chronicles 20:7; Isaiah 41:8
• 20. Hebrews 11:31
• 21. Josh 2:4, 6, 15
• 22. Galatians 5:6; James 2:17, 20

Footnotes

• [a]. Lit "the"
• [b]. Or "warm yourselves and fill yourselves"
• [c]. Or "dead by its own standards"
• [d]. Lit "will"
• [e]. One early ms reads "there is one God"
• [f]. Or "by the deeds"
• [g]. Or "completed"