Richter 1:13-23

13 Da nahm es Othniel ein, der Sohn Kenas', der jüngere Bruder Kalebs; und er gab ihm seine Tochter Aksa zum Weibe.

14 Und es geschah, als sie einzog, da trieb sie ihn an, ein Feld von ihrem Vater zu fordern. Und sie sprang von dem Esel herab. Und Kaleb sprach zu ihr: Was ist dir?

15 Und sie sprach zu ihm: Gib mir einen Segen; denn ein Mittagsland hast du mir gegeben, so gib mir auch Wasserquellen! Da gab ihr Kaleb die oberen Quellen und die unteren Quellen.

16 Und die Kinder des Keniters, des Schwagers Moses, waren mit den Kindern Juda aus der Palmenstadt heraufgezogen in die Wüste Juda, die im Süden von Arad liegt; und sie gingen hin und wohnten bei dem Volke.

17 Und Juda zog mit seinem Bruder Simeon hin, und sie schlugen die Kanaaniter, welche Zephat bewohnten; und sie verbannten es und gaben der Stadt den Namen Horma.

18 Und Juda nahm Gasa ein und sein Gebiet, und Askalon und sein Gebiet, und Ekron und sein Gebiet.

19 Und Jehova war mit Juda, und er nahm das Gebirge in Besitz; denn die Bewohner der Niederung trieb er nicht aus, weil sie eiserne Wagen hatten.

20 Und sie gaben dem Kaleb Hebron, so wie Mose geredet hatte; und er vertrieb daraus die drei Söhne Enaks.

21 Aber die Kinder Benjamin trieben die Jebusiter, die Bewohner von Jerusalem, nicht aus; und die Jebusiter haben bei den Kindern Benjamin in Jerusalem gewohnt bis auf diesen Tag.

22 Und das Haus Joseph, auch sie zogen nach Bethel hinauf, und Jehova war mit ihnen.

23 Und das Haus Joseph ließ Bethel auskundschaften; vordem war aber Lus der Name der Stadt.

Richter 1:13-23 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO JUDGES

The title of this book in the Hebrew copies is Sepher Shophetim, the Book of Judges; but the Syriac and Arabic interpreters call it,

``the Book of the Judges of the Children of Israel;''

and the Septuagint only Judges; so called, not because it was written by them, though some think it was compiled out of annals and diaries kept by them; but it seems to be the work of one person only: the true reason of its name is, because it treats of the judges of Israel, gives an account of their lives and actions, and especially such as concerned their office; which office was different from that of kings, and seems only to have been occasional, and chiefly lay in delivering the people out of the hands of their enemies, when oppressed, distressed, or carried captive by them; in protecting them in the enjoyment of their country, rights, and liberties; in leading out their armies against their enemies when needful; and in settling differences, judging law suits, and administering justice. The government of the nation, during their time, was a theocracy. It is not certain who was the penman of this book; some ascribe it to King Hezekiah, others to Ezra; but the Jewish writers {a} are generally of opinion that it was written by Samuel, which is most likely, who was the last of the judges; and it seems plainly to be written before the times of David, us appears from a speech of Joab, 2Sa 11:21; and from some passages in Ps 68:8,9 Ps 97:5, which seem to refer or allude to Jud 5:4,5; and from Jerusalem being called Jebus, which shows it to be inhabited by the Jebusites in the time of the writer of this book, whereas it was taken out of their hands by David; besides, Samuel himself refers to the annals of this book; 1Sa 12:9-11; and from whose testimonies, as well as from others in the New Testament, there is no doubt to be made of its being genuine and authentic, and written by divine inspiration; as is evident from the use the Apostle Paul, and the author of the epistle to the Hebrews, have made of it, Ac 13:20, Heb 11:32; it is useful as an history, and without which the history of the people of Israel would not be complete; it containing an account of all their judges, excepting the two last, Eli and Samuel, of whom an account is given in the following books, and of some facts incidental to those times, related in an appendix at the end of it, concerning the idol of Micah, and the war of Benjamin; and furnishes out many useful moral observations concerning God's displeasure at sin in his own people Israel, and his corrections for it; and about his providential care of them in raising up for them deliverers in their time of need, as well as points at various virtues and excellencies in great and good men, worthy of imitation. It contains, according to Piscator, Dr. Lightfoot, and others, an history of two hundred ninety and nine years.

\\INTRODUCTION TO JUDGES 1\\

The children of Israel, after Joshua's death, inquiring of the Lord which tribes should first go up against the remaining Canaanites, Judah is ordered to go up, who with Simeon did, Jud 1:1-3; and had success against the Canaanites under Adonibezek, whom they brought to Jerusalem Jud 1:4-8; and against the Canaanites in Hebron, Debir, Zephath, Hormah, Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ekron, Jud 1:9-20; the Benjamites had not such good success as Judah against the Jebusites in Jerusalem, Jud 1:21; nor as the house of Joseph had against Bethel, Jud 1:22-26; nor could the tribes of Manasseh, Ephraim, Zebulun, Asher, and Naphtali, drive out the Canaanites from several places which belonged unto them, though many of them became their tributaries, Jud 1:27-33; and as for the Amorites, they were too powerful for the tribe of Dan, though some of them became tributaries to the house of Joseph, Jud 1:34-36.

{a} T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 14. 2.