1 Samuel 13:16-22

Israel Without Weapons

16 Saul and his son Jonathan and the men with them were staying in Gibeah[a] in Benjamin, while the Philistines camped at Mikmash.
17 Raiding parties went out from the Philistine camp in three detachments. One turned toward Ophrah in the vicinity of Shual,
18 another toward Beth Horon, and the third toward the borderland overlooking the Valley of Zeboyim facing the wilderness.
19 Not a blacksmith could be found in the whole land of Israel, because the Philistines had said, “Otherwise the Hebrews will make swords or spears!”
20 So all Israel went down to the Philistines to have their plow points, mattocks, axes and sickles[b] sharpened.
21 The price was two-thirds of a shekel[c] for sharpening plow points and mattocks, and a third of a shekel[d] for sharpening forks and axes and for repointing goads.
22 So on the day of the battle not a soldier with Saul and Jonathan had a sword or spear in his hand; only Saul and his son Jonathan had them.

1 Samuel 13:16-22 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 13

This chapter relates how Saul disposed of his army, 1Sa 13:1,2 that Jonathan his son smote a garrison of Philistines, which provoked them to come out with a large army against them, to the great terror of the Israelites, many of whom fled to secret places, and to distant parts, 1Sa 13:3-7, that Saul tarried at Gilgal waiting for Samuel, but he not coming so soon as expected, offered sacrifice himself, 1Sa 13:8-10 for which Samuel, when he came, reproved him, and told him the kingdom should not continue with him, but be given to another man, 1Sa 13:11-14 on which Saul departed to Gibeah, where he continued, the Philistines being encamped at Michmash, 1Sa 13:15,16 from whence went out spoilers, in three companies, into the land of Israel, where they met with no opposition; for there were no weapons in the hands of any but Saul and Jonathan, the Philistines having taken care that there should be no smith in the land of Israel to make them any, so that they were defenceless, 1Sa 13:17-23.

Cross References 9

  • 1. S Joshua 18:24
  • 2. 1 Samuel 14:15
  • 3. S Joshua 18:23
  • 4. S Joshua 10:10; Joshua 18:13-14
  • 5. Nehemiah 11:34
  • 6. S Genesis 4:22; 2 Kings 24:14; Jeremiah 24:1
  • 7. S Numbers 25:7
  • 8. 1 Chronicles 9:39
  • 9. S Numbers 25:7; 1 Samuel 14:6; 1 Samuel 17:47; Zechariah 4:6; Judges 5:8

Footnotes 4

  • [a]. Two Hebrew manuscripts; most Hebrew manuscripts "Geba," a variant of "Gibeah"
  • [b]. Septuagint; Hebrew "plow points"
  • [c]. That is, about 1/4 ounce or about 8 grams
  • [d]. That is, about 1/8 ounce or about 4 grams
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