Jeremiah 51:38

38 They shall roar together as lions, and they shall shake [their] locks, as the whelps of lions. (They shall roar together like lions, and they shall shake their locks, like lion cubs.)

Jeremiah 51:38 Meaning and Commentary

Jeremiah 51:38

They shall roar together like lions
Some understand this of the Medes and Persians, and the shouts they made at the attacking and taking of Babylon; but this does not so well agree with that, which seems to have been done in a secret and silent manner; rather according to the context the Chaldeans are meant, who are represented as roaring, not through fear of the enemy, and distress by him; for such a roaring would not be fitly compared to the roaring of a lion; but either this is expressive of their roaring and revelling at their feast afterwards mentioned, and at which time their city was taken; or else of the high spirits and rage they were in, and the fierceness and readiness they showed to give battle to Cyrus, when he first came with his army against them; and they did unite together, and met him, and roared like lions at him, and fought with him; but being overcome, their courage cooled; they retired to their city, and dared not appear more; (See Gill on Jeremiah 51:30); they shall yell as lions' whelps.
Jarchi and other Rabbins interpret the word of the braying of an ass; it signifies to "shake"; and the Vulgate Latin version renders it, "they shall shake [their] hair"; as lions do their manes; and young lions their shaggy hair; and as blustering bravadoes shake theirs; and so might the Babylonians behave in such a swaggering way when the Medes and Persians first attacked them.

Jeremiah 51:38 In-Context

36 Therefore the Lord saith these things, Lo! I shall deem thy cause, and I shall venge thy vengeance; and I shall make the sea thereof forsaken, and I shall make dry the vein thereof. (And so the Lord saith these things, Lo! I shall judge thy case, and I shall avenge thee; and I shall make its sea into a desert, and I shall dry up its springs.)

37 And Babylon shall be into burials, it shall be the dwelling (place) of dragons, wondering, and hissing, for that no dweller is. (And Babylon shall be for burials, or shall be a heap of ruins, it shall be the dwelling place of jackals, yea, a place for wondering, and hissing, where there be no inhabitants.)

38 They shall roar together as lions, and they shall shake [their] locks, as the whelps of lions. (They shall roar together like lions, and they shall shake their locks, like lion cubs.)

39 In the heat of them I shall set the drinks of them; and I shall make them drunken, that they be brought asleep, and that they sleep (an) everlasting sleep, and rise not (up), saith the Lord.

40 I shall lead forth them, as lambs to slain sacrifice, and as wethers with kids. (I shall lead them forth, like lambs to slain sacrifice, and like rams with kids.)