Genesis 4:9-23

9 Then the LORD said to Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?” “I don’t know,” he replied. “Am I my brother’s keeper?”

10 The LORD said, “What have you done? Listen! Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground.

11 Now you are under a curse and driven from the ground, which opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.

12 When you work the ground, it will no longer yield its crops for you. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth.”

13 Cain said to the LORD, “My punishment is more than I can bear.

14 Today you are driving me from the land, and I will be hidden from your presence; I will be a restless wanderer on the earth, and whoever finds me will kill me.”

15 But the LORD said to him, “Not so^[a] ; anyone who kills Cain will suffer vengeance seven times over.” Then the LORD put a mark on Cain so that no one who found him would kill him.

16 So Cain went out from the LORD’s presence and lived in the land of Nod,^[b] east of Eden.

17 Cain made love to his wife, and she became pregnant and gave birth to Enoch. Cain was then building a city, and he named it after his son Enoch.

18 To Enoch was born Irad, and Irad was the father of Mehujael, and Mehujael was the father of Methushael, and Methushael was the father of Lamech.

19 Lamech married two women, one named Adah and the other Zillah.

20 Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who live in tents and raise livestock.

21 His brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play stringed instruments and pipes.

22 Zillah also had a son, Tubal-Cain, who forged all kinds of tools out of^[c] bronze and iron. Tubal-Cain’s sister was Naamah.

23 Lamech said to his wives, “Adah and Zillah, listen to me; wives of Lamech, hear my words. I have killed a man for wounding me, a young man for injuring me.

Genesis 4:9-23 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 4

In this chapter an account is given of the two eldest children of Adam and Eve, their names and calling, Ge 4:1,2 and of their different offerings to the Lord, and the different respect had unto them by him, which in Cain issued in wrath and envy, which appeared in his countenance, and were taken notice of by the Lord, and about which he reasoned with him, Ge 4:3-7 but it had no effect upon him, he murdered his brother, upon which he was examined about him, but denied he knew anything of him where he was, Ge 4:8,9 he is arraigned, convicted and condemned, sentence passed upon him, and that executed, which he complains of, and is mitigated, or however a protection is granted him, and a mark set on him for his security, Ge 4:10-15 after which we have an account of his posterity for several generations, their names, and the business of some of them, Ge 4:16-24 and the chapter is closed with the birth of another son, and of a grandson to Adam and Eve, in whose days was the beginning of social religion.

Cross References

• 1. S Genesis 3:9
• 2. S John 8:44
• 3. Genesis 9:5; Genesis 37:20,26; Exodus 21:12; Numbers 35:33; Deuteronomy 21:7,9; 2 Samuel 4:11; Job 16:18; Job 24:2; Job 31:38; Psalms 9:12; Psalms 106:38; Hebrews 12:24; Revelation 6:9-10
• 4. Deuteronomy 11:28; 2 Kings 2:24
• 5. Deuteronomy 28:15-24
• 6. Psalms 37:25; Psalms 59:15; Psalms 109:10
• 7. ver 14
• 8. 2 Kings 17:18; Psalms 51:11; Psalms 139:7-12; Jeremiah 7:15; Jeremiah 52:3
• 9. ver 12; Deuteronomy 28:64-67
• 10. Genesis 9:6; Exodus 21:12,14; Leviticus 24:17; Nu 35:19,21,27,33; 1 Kings 2:32; 2 Kings 11:16
• 11. Ezekiel 9:4,6
• 12. Exodus 21:20
• 13. ver 24; Leviticus 26:21; Psalms 79:12
• 14. Jude 1:11
• 15. S Genesis 2:8
• 16. S ver 1
• 17. Psalms 55:9
• 18. Psalms 49:11
• 19. Genesis 6:2
• 20. Genesis 29:28; Deuteronomy 21:15; Ruth 4:11; 1 Samuel 1:2
• 21. Genesis 31:27; Exodus 15:20; 1 Samuel 16:16; 1 Chronicles 25:3; Psalms 33:2; Psalms 43:4; Isaiah 16:11; Daniel 3:5
• 22. Job 21:12; Job 30:31; Psalms 150:4
• 23. Exodus 35:35; 1 Samuel 13:19; 2 Kings 24:14
• 24. Genesis 9:5-6; Exodus 20:13; Exodus 21:12; Exodus 23:7; Leviticus 19:18; Leviticus 24:17; Deuteronomy 27:24; Deuteronomy 32:35

Footnotes

• [a]. Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac; Hebrew "Very well"
• [b]. "Nod" means "wandering" (see verses 12 and 14).
• [c]. Or "who instructed all who work in"