Joshua 12:8-18

8 as well in hilly places, as in plain and field places; in Ashtoreth, and in [the] wilderness, and in the south, was (the) Hittites, and Amorites, Canaanites, and Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. (in the hill country, and on the plains, or on the Arabah, and in the valley, and by the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south, or in the Negeb; these lands had been inhabited by the Hittites, and Amorites, Canaanites, and Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.)

9 The king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is at the side of Bethel, one (which is beside Bethel, one);

10 the king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one;

11 the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one;

12 the king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one;

13 the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one;

14 the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

15 the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;

16 the king of Makkedah, one; the king of Bethel, one;

17 the king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one;

18 the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

Joshua 12:8-18 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 12

This chapter gives a short account of the conquests made by the Israelites, both in the times of Moses and of Joshua, and first of the kingdom of Sihon and Og on the other side Jordan, in the times of Moses, and which he gave to the two tribes of Reuben and Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and which are particularly described, Jos 12:1-6; and then of the kings and the countries on this side Jordan whom Joshua conquered, Jos 12:7,8; and the names of the thirty one kingdoms are recited, that so it might be exactly known and observed what were afterwards divided among the tribes and possessed by them, Jos 12:9-24.