Psalms 139:13-23

13 For Thou hast possessed my reins. Thou hast covered me in my mother's womb.

14 I will praise Thee, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made; marvelous are Thy works, and that my soul knoweth right well.

15 My substance was not hid from Thee when I was made in secret, and intricately wrought in the lowest parts of the earth.

16 Thine eyes did see my substance, yet being imperfect; and in Thy book all my members were written, which in continuity were fashioned, when as yet there were none of them.

17 How precious also are Thy thoughts unto me, O God! How great is the sum of them!

18 If I should count them, they are more in number than the sand; when I awake, I am still with Thee.

19 Surely, Thou wilt slay the wicked, O God. Depart from me therefore, ye bloody men.

20 For they speak against Thee wickedly, and Thine enemies take Thy name in vain.

21 Do I not hate them, O LORD, that hate Thee? And am I not grieved with those that rise up against Thee?

22 I hate them with perfect hatred; I count them mine enemies.

23 Search me, O God, and know my heart; try me, and know my thoughts.

Psalms 139:13-23 Meaning and Commentary

To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David. This psalm was written by David, when he lay under the reproach and calumnies of men, who laid false things to his charge; things he was not conscious of either in the time of Saul's persecution of him, or when his son Absalom rebelled against him: and herein he appeals to the heart searching and rein trying God for his innocence; and, when settled on his throne, delivered it to the master of music, to make use of it on proper occasions. According to the Syriac title of the psalm, the occasion of it was Shimei, the son of Gera, reproaching and cursing him as a bloody man, 2 Samuel 16:5. Theodoret takes it to be a prophecy of Josiah, and supposes that he is represented as speaking throughout the psalm. Aben Ezra observes, that this is the most glorious and excellent psalm in all the book: a very excellent one it is: but whether the most excellent, it is hard to say. It treats of some of the most glorious of the divine perfections; omniscience, omnipresence, and omnipotence. Arama says, the argument of it is God's particular knowledge of men, and his providence over their affairs.