Psalms 78:1-20

A maskil of Asaph.

1 [a]My people, hear my teaching; listen to the words of my mouth.
2 I will open my mouth with a parable; I will utter hidden things, things from of old—
3 things we have heard and known, things our ancestors have told us.
4 We will not hide them from their descendants; we will tell the next generation the praiseworthy deeds of the LORD, his power, and the wonders he has done.
5 He decreed statutes for Jacob and established the law in Israel, which he commanded our ancestors to teach their children,
6 so the next generation would know them, even the children yet to be born, and they in turn would tell their children.
7 Then they would put their trust in God and would not forget his deeds but would keep his commands.
8 They would not be like their ancestors— a stubborn and rebellious generation, whose hearts were not loyal to God, whose spirits were not faithful to him.
9 The men of Ephraim, though armed with bows, turned back on the day of battle;
10 they did not keep God’s covenant and refused to live by his law.
11 They forgot what he had done, the wonders he had shown them.
12 He did miracles in the sight of their ancestors in the land of Egypt, in the region of Zoan.
13 He divided the sea and led them through; he made the water stand up like a wall.
14 He guided them with the cloud by day and with light from the fire all night.
15 He split the rocks in the wilderness and gave them water as abundant as the seas;
16 he brought streams out of a rocky crag and made water flow down like rivers.
17 But they continued to sin against him, rebelling in the wilderness against the Most High.
18 They willfully put God to the test by demanding the food they craved.
19 They spoke against God; they said, “Can God really spread a table in the wilderness?
20 True, he struck the rock, and water gushed out, streams flowed abundantly, but can he also give us bread? Can he supply meat for his people?”

Psalms 78:1-20 Meaning and Commentary

Maschil of Asaph. Or for "Asaph" {f}; a doctrinal and "instructive" psalm, as the word "Maschil" signifies; see Psalm 32:1, which was delivered to Asaph to be sung; the Targum is, "the understanding of the Holy Spirit by the hands of Asaph." Some think David was the penman of it; but from the latter part of it, in which mention is made of him, and of his government of the people of Israel, it looks as if it was wrote by another, and after his death, though not long after, since the account is carried on no further than his times; and therefore it is probable enough it was written by Asaph, the chief singer, that lived in that age: whoever was the penman of it, it is certain he was a prophet, and so was Asaph, who is called a seer, the same with a prophet, and who is said to prophesy, 2 Chronicles 29:30 and also that he represented Christ; for that the Messiah is the person that is introduced speaking in this psalm is clear from Matthew 13:34 and the whole may be considered as a discourse of his to the Jews of his time; giving them an history of the Israelites from their first coming out of Egypt to the times of David, and in it an account of the various benefits bestowed upon them, of their great ingratitude, and of the divine resentment; the design of which is to admonish and caution them against committing the like sins, lest they should be rejected of God, as their fathers were, and perish: some Jewish writers, as Arama observes, interpret this psalm of the children of Ephraim going out of Egypt before the time appointed.

Cross References 33

  • 1. Isaiah 51:4; Isaiah 55:3
  • 2. S Psalms 49:4; S Matthew 13:35*
  • 3. S Judges 6:13; Psalms 44:1
  • 4. S Deuteronomy 11:19
  • 5. S Deuteronomy 32:7; S Psalms 71:18
  • 6. Psalms 26:7; Psalms 71:17
  • 7. S Job 5:9
  • 8. Psalms 19:7; Psalms 81:5
  • 9. Psalms 147:19
  • 10. S Psalms 22:31; Psalms 102:18
  • 11. S Deuteronomy 6:12
  • 12. S Deuteronomy 5:29
  • 13. S 2 Chronicles 30:7
  • 14. S Exodus 32:9
  • 15. ver 37; S Exodus 23:21; S Deuteronomy 21:18; Isaiah 30:9; Isaiah 65:2
  • 16. ver 57; 1 Chronicles 12:2; Hosea 7:16
  • 17. S Judges 20:39
  • 18. S Joshua 7:11; S 2 Kings 17:15
  • 19. S Exodus 16:28; S Jeremiah 11:8
  • 20. Psalms 106:13
  • 21. S Nehemiah 9:17; Psalms 106:22
  • 22. Exodus 11:9; Ex 7-12
  • 23. S Numbers 13:22
  • 24. S Exodus 14:21; Psalms 66:6; Psalms 136:13
  • 25. S Exodus 14:22; S Exodus 15:8
  • 26. Exodus 13:21; Psalms 105:39
  • 27. S Numbers 20:11; 1 Corinthians 10:4
  • 28. ver 32,40; Deuteronomy 9:22; Isaiah 30:1; Isaiah 63:10; Hebrews 3:16
  • 29. S Exodus 17:2; 1 Corinthians 10:9
  • 30. S Exodus 15:24; Exodus 16:2; Numbers 11:4
  • 31. Numbers 21:5
  • 32. S Numbers 20:11; S Isaiah 35:6
  • 33. Numbers 11:18

Footnotes 1

  • [a]. Title: Probably a literary or musical term
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