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Leviticus 5:1-13

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1 "If anyone sins in that he hears a public 1adjuration to testify, and though he is a witness, whether he has seen or come to know the matter, yet does not speak, he shall 2bear his iniquity;
2 or 3if anyone touches an unclean thing, whether a carcass of an unclean wild animal or a carcass of unclean livestock or a carcass of unclean swarming things, and it is hidden from him and he has become unclean, and he realizes his guilt;
3 or if he touches 4human uncleanness, of whatever sort the uncleanness may be with which one becomes unclean, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and realizes his guilt;
4 or if anyone utters with his lips a 5rash oath to do evil or to do good, any sort of rash oath that people 6swear, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and he realizes his guilt in any of these;
5 when he realizes his guilt in any of these and 7confesses the sin he has committed,
6 he shall bring to the LORD as his compensation[a] for the sin that he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, for a sin offering. And the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin.
7 "But 8if he cannot afford a lamb, then he shall bring to the LORD as his compensation for the sin that he has committed two 9turtledoves or two pigeons,[b] one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.
8 He shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer first the one for the sin offering. He shall 10wring its head from its neck 11but shall not sever it completely,
9 and he shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while 12the rest of the blood shall be drained out 13at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering.
10 Then he shall offer the second for a burnt offering according to the rule. 14And the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin that he has committed, and he shall be forgiven.
11 "But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two pigeons, then he shall bring as his offering for the sin that he has committed a 15tenth of an ephah[c] of fine flour for a sin offering. He 16shall put no oil on it and shall put no frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering.
12 And he shall bring it to 17the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it as its memorial portion and 18burn this on the altar, on the LORD's food offerings; it is a sin offering.
13 Thus 19the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed in any one of these things, and he shall be forgiven. And the remainder[d] shall be for the priest, as in the grain offering."
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Leviticus 5:1-13 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO LEVITICUS 5

This chapter treats of the trespass offering, points at the sins for which it was to be made, and the matter of it; it was for secret sins, and sins of ignorance, such as refusing to bear witness in a known case, Le 5:1 touching unclean things and false swearing, Le 5:2-4 the things directed to in such cases are confession, Le 5:5 sacrifice of a lamb, or kid of the goats, Le 5:6 and in case of poverty, two turtle doves, or two young pigeons; concerning the offering of which instructions are given, Le 5:7-10 and if not able to bring them, then a meat offering of fine flour, about which rules are laid down, Le 5:11-13 and for sins committed through ignorance in holy things or sacrileges, the sacrifice of a ram is enjoined, and satisfaction ordered to be made for the injury done in the holy thing, by adding a fifth part to it, Le 5:14-16 and for sins committed ignorantly against negative precepts, only a ram is appointed for the trespass offering, Le 5:17-19.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 19

  • 1. 1 Kings 8:31; Proverbs 29:24; [1 Samuel 14:24, 26; Matthew 26:63]
  • 2. ver. 17; Leviticus 7:18; Leviticus 10:17; Leviticus 17:16; Leviticus 19:8; Leviticus 20:17, 19; Numbers 5:31; [Numbers 9:13]
  • 3. Leviticus 11:24, 28, 31, 39; Numbers 19:11, 13, 16
  • 4. See Leviticus 12; Leviticus 13; Leviticus 15
  • 5. [Judges 11:30, 31; 1 Samuel 14:24; 1 Samuel 25:22; Mark 6:23; Acts 23:12]
  • 6. Ecclesiastes 5:2
  • 7. Leviticus 16:21; Leviticus 26:40; Numbers 5:7; Ezra 10:1; [Joshua 7:19]
  • 8. Leviticus 12:8; Leviticus 14:21
  • 9. See Leviticus 1:14
  • 10. Leviticus 1:15, 17
  • 11. Leviticus 1:15, 17
  • 12. Leviticus 1:15
  • 13. Leviticus 4:7, 18, 30, 34
  • 14. See Leviticus 4:20, 26, 31, 35
  • 15. Numbers 5:15
  • 16. Numbers 5:15
  • 17. Leviticus 2:2
  • 18. Leviticus 4:35
  • 19. [See ver. 10 above]

Footnotes 4

  • [a]. Hebrew his guilt penalty; so throughout Leviticus
  • [b]. Septuagint two young pigeons; also verse 11
  • [c]. An ephah was about 3/5 bushel or 22 liters
  • [d]. Septuagint; Hebrew it
The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.