Exodus 6:3

3 I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as 1God Almighty,[a] but by my name the 2LORD I did not make myself known to them.

Exodus 6:3 Meaning and Commentary

Exodus 6:3

And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by
[the name] of God Almighty
Able to fulfil all his purposes, promises, and covenant, with whom nothing is impossible; or Elshaddai, God all-sufficient, who has a sufficiency of happiness in himself, and everything to supply the wants of his creatures in things temporal and spiritual, see ( Genesis 17:1 ) : but by my name Jehovah was I not known to them;
which he had in the preceding verse called himself by. This is not to be understood absolutely; for it is certain that he had made himself known by this name, and this name was known unto Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, ( Genesis 15:6-8 ) ( Genesis 26:2 Genesis 26:24 ) ( 28:13 ) , and but comparatively, as some think; that is, he was not so much made known to them by the one name as the other; though it may be questioned whether the one was more used in speaking to them than the other; wherefore others think, as Saadiah Gaon, that the word only is to be supplied, as in ( Genesis 32:28 ) and the sense to be, that by his name Jehovah he was not only made known to them, but by his name Elshaddai, and others also; and others reconcile the difficulty thus, that though the name Jehovah itself was known to the patriarchs, by which they were assured that God is eternal, immutable, and faithful to his promises; yet he was not known as to the efficacy of this name, or with respect to the actual performance of his promise, as he now would be by delivering the children of Israel out of Egypt, and bringing them into the land of Canaan; though perhaps, by reading the words with an interrogation, the clause will appear more plain, "and by my name Jehovah was I not known to them?" F20 verily I was. Josephus F21 says, this name was not before made known to men, and that it was not lawful for a man to speak it; and this is the common notion of the Jews, that it is ineffable, and not lawful to be pronounced, and therefore they put Adonai and Elohim in the room of it, and the vowel points of these words to it, which is a false and superstitious notion: this name was known among the Heathens; it is the same with (iaw) in the oracle of Apollo F23; and Diodorus Siculus F24 says, that with the Jews Moses is said to give laws from a God called "IAO", and is the same which in Philo Byblius F25 is called Jevo; and both are no other than a corruption of Jah or Jehovah; and perhaps the (tetraktuv) of the Pythagoreans F26, by which they swore, is the same with the tetragrammaton, or this word of four letters, with the Jews.


FOOTNOTES:

F20 Vid. Noldium, No. 788.
F21 Antiqu. l. 2. c. 12. sect. 4.
F23 Cornelius Labeo de oraculo Apoll. Clarii apud Macrob. Saturnal. l. 1. c. 18.
F24 Bibliothoc. l. 1. p. 84.
F25 Apud Euseb. Praepar. Evangel. l. 1. c. 9. p. 31.
F26 Carmin. Aurea Pythagor. l. 47. & Hierocles in ib. p. 225, 277. Porphyr. de Vita Pythagor. p. 189.

Exodus 6:3 In-Context

1 But the LORD said to Moses, "Now you shall see what I will do to Pharaoh; for with a strong hand he will send them out, and with a strong hand he will drive them out of his land."
2 God spoke to Moses and said to him, "I am the LORD.
3 I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as God Almighty, but by my name the LORD I did not make myself known to them.
4 I also established my covenant with them to give them the land of Canaan, the land in which they lived as sojourners.
5 Moreover, I have heard the groaning of the people of Israel whom the Egyptians hold as slaves, and I have remembered my covenant.

Cross References 2

  • 1. Genesis 17:1
  • 2. Psalms 68:4; Psalms 83:18; [John 8:58; Revelation 1:4, 8]

Footnotes 1

The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.