Exodus 20:10-20

10 but the ¹seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the ²sojourner who is within your gates.

11 For ³in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.

12 ⁴"Honor your father and your mother, ⁵that your days may be long in the land that the LORD your God is giving you.

13 ⁶"You shall not murder.^[a]

14 ⁷"You shall not commit adultery.

15 ⁸"You shall not steal.

16 ⁹"You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

17 ¹⁰"You shall not covet ¹¹your neighbor's house; ¹²you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's."

18 Now when all the people saw ¹³the thunder and the flashes of lightning and the sound of the trumpet and the mountain smoking, the people were afraid^[b] and trembled, and they stood far off

19 and said to Moses, ¹⁴"You speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, lest we die."

20 ¹⁵Moses said to the people, "Do not fear, for God has come to ¹⁶test you, that the fear of him may be before you, that you may not sin."

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Exodus 20:10-20 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO EXODUS 20

In this chapter we have an account of the giving of the law on Mount Sinai; the preface to it, Ex 20:1,2, the ten commandments it consists of, Ex 20:8-17, the circumstances attending it, which caused the people to remove at some distance, Ex 20:18, when they desired of Moses, that he would speak to them and not God, who bid them not fear, since this was for the trial of them; but still they kept at a distance, while Moses drew nigh to God, Ex 20:19-21 who ordered him to caution the children of Israel against idolatry, and directed what sort of an altar he would have made whereon to offer their sacrifices, promising that where his name was recorded he would grant his presence and blessing, Ex 20:22-26.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 16

1. Exodus 16:26; Exodus 31:15; Genesis 2:2, 3; Ezekiel 20:12; See Numbers 15:32-36
2. See Nehemiah 13:16-19
3. See Gen. 1:1 - 2:3
4. Leviticus 19:3; Cited Matthew 15:4; Matthew 19:19; Mark 7:10; Mark 10:19; Luke 18:20; Ephesians 6:2; [Jeremiah 35:18, 19]
5. Ephesians 6:3
6. Cited Matthew 5:21; Matthew 19:18; Romans 13:9; [Genesis 9:5, 6; 1 John 3:15]
7. Leviticus 18:20; Deuteronomy 22:22; Proverbs 6:32; 1 Corinthians 6:9; Hebrews 13:4; Cited Matthew 5:27; Romans 13:9
8. Leviticus 19:11; Ephesians 4:28; Cited Matthew 19:18; Romans 13:9
9. Exodus 23:1; Proverbs 19:5, 9; Proverbs 21:28; Proverbs 24:28; Proverbs 25:18; Cited Matthew 19:18; See Deuteronomy 19:16-20
10. Luke 12:15; Ephesians 5:3, 5; Cited Romans 7:7; Romans 13:9; [Colossians 3:5; Hebrews 13:5]
11. Micah 2:2
12. Jeremiah 5:8; Matthew 5:28
13. Hebrews 12:18
14. Deuteronomy 5:25, 27; Deuteronomy 18:16; Galatians 3:19, 20; Hebrews 12:19
15. [1 Samuel 12:20]
16. [Genesis 22:1]; Deuteronomy 13:3

Footnotes 2

[a]. The Hebrew word also covers causing human death through carelessness or negligence
[b]. Samaritan, Septuagint, Syriac, Vulgate; Masoretic Text the people saw

The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.