Deuteronomy 3

1 "Then we turned, and we went up the road to Bashan, and Og the king of Bashan came out to meet us, he and all [of] his army for the battle [at] Edrei.
2 And Yahweh said to me, 'You should not fear him, for I have given him and all [of] his army and his land into your hand. And [so] you will do to him as you did to Sihon the king of the Amorites, who [was] reigning in Heshbon.'
3 And [so] Yahweh our God also gave Og the king of Bashan, and all of his army into our hand, and we struck him down until not a survivor remained to him.
4 And we captured all [of] his towns at that time; [there] was not a city that we did not take from them.
5 All of these [were] fortified towns with high walls, gates, and bars, {apart from} very many [of] the villages of the open country.
6 And [so] we destroyed them just as we had done to Sihon the king of Heshbon; [we destroyed] utterly each town of males, the women, and the little children.
7 But all [of] the livestock and the booty of the towns we kept as spoil for ourselves.
8 "And so we took at that time the land from {the control of} [the] two kings of the Amorites who [were] {on the other side of the Jordan}, from the wadi of Arnon up to {Mount Hermon}.
9 (The Sidonians called Hermon 'Sirion,' and the Amorites called it 'Senir.')
10 All of the towns of the plateau and the whole of Gilead and all of Bashan up to Salecah and Edrei, the towns of the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
11 (For only Og, king of Bashan, was left from the remnant of the Rephaim. Indeed, his bedstead--it [was] a bedstead of iron. It is in Rabbah of the {Ammonites}. Nine cubits [is] its length, and four cubits [is] its width according to the cubit of a man.)
12 And [so] we took possession of this land at that time, from Aroer, which [is] on the [edge of the] wadi of Arnon, and [also] half of the hill country of Gilead and its towns I gave to the Reubenites and to the Gadites.
13 And the remainder of Gilead and all of Bashan, the kingdom of Og, I gave to the half-tribe of Manasseh, the whole region of Argo. All of that [area of] Bashan was called [the] land of the Rephaim.
14 Jair the descendant of Manasseh acquired the whole region of Argob, up to the boundary of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and he called it, [that is] Bashan, after his [own] name, Havvoth Jair, {as it still is today}.
15 And [also] I gave Gilead to Makir.
16 And to the Reubenites and to the Gadites I gave, from Gilead up to the wadi of Arnon, the middle of the wadi [as a] boundary and up to the Jabbok {River}, the boundary of the {Ammonites}.
17 And the {Jordan Valley} [with] the Jordan [River as its] boundary, from Kinnereth up to the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, [with] the slopes of Pisgah toward the east.
18 "And I charged you [all] at that time [when I] said, "Yahweh has given you--to [all of] you--this land to possess. All the {warriors} shall cross over, ready to fight, before your brothers, the {Israelites}.
19 Only your wives and your little children and your livestock (I know that {you have much livestock}) must stay in your towns that I have given you,
20 until Yahweh shall give rest to your brothers as [he did] to you, and also they take possession [of] the land that Yahweh your God [is] giving to them beyond the Jordan; then they may return, each [one] to his possession that I have given to them.
21 And I commanded Joshua at that time, saying, 'Your eyes see all that Yahweh your God has done to these two kings; so Yahweh will do to all [of] the kingdoms where you are about to cross over to.
22 You shall not fear them, for Yahweh your God is the [one] fighting for you.
23 "And I pleaded with Yahweh at that time, saying,
24 'Lord Yahweh, you have begun to show your servant your greatness and your strong hand, for what god [is there] in the heaven or on the earth who can do according to your works and according to your mighty deeds?
25 Let me cross over, please, and let me see the good land {that is beyond the Jordan}, this good hill country and Lebanon.'
26 But Yahweh was very angry with me because of you, and he would not listen to me, and Yahweh said, '{Enough of that from you}! You shall not speak to me [any] longer about this matter!
27 Go up [to] the top of Pisgah and {look around you} toward the west, toward the north, and toward the east, and {view} [the land] with your eyes, for you will not cross this Jordan.
28 Now instruct Joshua and support him and encourage him because he himself will cross [over] before this people and enable them to inherit the land that you will see.'
29 So we remained in the valley opposite Beth Peor.

Deuteronomy 3 Commentary

Chapter 3

The conquest of Og king of Bashan. (1-11) The land of Gilead and Bashan. (12-20) Moses encourages Joshua. (21-29)

Verse 1 1-11 Og was very powerful, but he did not take warning by the ruin of Sihon, and desire conditions of peace. He trusted his own strength, and so was hardened to his destruction. Those not awakened by the judgments of God on others, ripen for the like judgments on themselves.

Verses 12-20 This country was settled on the Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh: see ( Numbers 32 ) . Moses repeats the condition of the grant to which they agreed. When at rest, we should desire to see our brethren at rest too, and should be ready to do what we can towards it; for we are not born for ourselves, but are members one of another.

Verses 21-29 Moses encouraged Joshua, who was to succeed him. Thus the aged and experienced in the service of God, should do all they can to strengthen the hands of those who are young, and setting out in religion. Consider what God has done, what God has promised. If God be for us, who can be against us, so as to prevail? We reproach our Leader if we follow him trembling. Moses prayed, that, if it were God's will, he might go before Israel, over Jordan into Canaan. We should never allow any desires in our hearts, which we cannot in faith offer up to God by prayer. God's answer to this prayer had a mixture of mercy and judgment. God sees it good to deny many things we desire. He may accept our prayers, yet not grant us the very things we pray for. It God does not by his providence give us what we desire, yet if by his grace he makes us content without, it comes to much the same. Let it suffice thee to have God for thy Father, and heaven for thy portion, though thou hast not every thing thou wouldst have in the world. God promised Moses a sight of Canaan from the top of Pisgah. Though he should not have the possession of it, he should have the prospect of it. Even great believers, in this present state, see heaven but at a distance. God provided him a successor. It is a comfort to the friends of the church of Christ, to see God's work likely to be carried on by others, when they are silent in the dust. And if we have the earnest and prospect of heaven, let these suffice us; let us submit to the Lord's will, and speak no more to Him of matters which he sees good to refuse us.

Footnotes 38

  • [a]. Or "people"
  • [b]. Hebrew "Amorite"
  • [c]. Or "people"
  • [d]. Or "for"
  • [e]. Or "villages/cities [small]"
  • [f]. Hebrew "bar"
  • [g]. Literally "alone from"
  • [h]. Hebrew "us"
  • [i]. Literally "the hand of"
  • [j]. Hebrew "Amorite"
  • [k]. Literally "in the beyond of the Jordan"
  • [l]. A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
  • [m]. Literally "the mountain of Hermon"
  • [n]. Literally "sons/children of Ammon"
  • [o]. A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
  • [p]. Hebrew "Reubenite"
  • [q]. Hebrew "Gadite"
  • [r]. Or "son"
  • [s]. Hebrew "them"
  • [t]. Literally "up to this day"
  • [u]. Hebrew "Reubenite"
  • [v]. Hebrew "Gadite"
  • [w]. A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
  • [x]. A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
  • [y]. Literally "wadi," which here refers to a flowing river
  • [z]. Literally "sons/children of Ammon"
  • [aa]. Literally "Arabah"
  • [ab]. Or "Chinnereth," the Sea of Galilee
  • [ac]. Or the Dead Sea
  • [ad]. Literally "men of valor"
  • [ae]. Literally "sons/children of Israel"
  • [af]. Literally "livestock much [there is] to you"
  • [ag]. Hebrew "who"
  • [ah]. Literally "in the beyond of the Jordan"
  • [ai]. Literally "Much to you"
  • [aj]. Literally "lift up your eyes"
  • [ak]. Literally "look"
  • [al]. Emphatic use of the pronoun

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 3

In this chapter the account is carried on of the conquest of the Amorites by Israel, of Og king of Bashan, and his kingdom, De 3:1-11, and of the distribution of their country to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh, De 1:12-17 and then the command to the said tribes is observed, to go out armed before their brethren, and assist them in the conquest of the land of Canaan, and then return to their possessions, De 3:18-20 and also that to Joshua not to fear, but to do to the Canaanitish kings and kingdoms what he had seen done to the two kings of the Amorites, De 3:21,22. After which Moses relates the request he made, to go over Jordan and see the good land, which was denied him, only he is bidden to look from the top of an hill to see it, De 3:23-27. And the chapter is closed with the charge he was to give Joshua, De 3:28 which was received in the valley where they abode, De 3:29.

Deuteronomy 3 Commentaries

Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software.