Ezekiel 23

Oholah and Oholibah as Symbols of God’s Corrupt People

1 And the word of Yahweh {came} to me, {saying},
2 "Son of man, there were two women, [the] daughters of one mother,
3 and they prostituted [themselves] in Egypt in their childhood; they were prostituting [themselves] there, [and] their breasts were fondled, and there they caressed the bosoms of their virginity.
4 Now [as for] their names, the older [was] Oholah, and Oholibah [was] her sister. And {they became mine}, and they bore sons and daughters, and their names [are] Samaria [for] Oholah, and Jerusalem [for] Oholibah
5 And Oholah prostituted [herself] {while she was still mine}, and she lusted for her lovers, for Assyria [who was] nearby,
6 clothed in blue cloth, governors and prefects, {handsome young men} [and] all of them horsemen, {experts on horseback}.
7 And she bestowed her fornication on them, [on] the choice [ones] of the {Assyrians}, all of them, and with every one [after] which she lusted; with all of their idols she defiled herself.
8 And her whorings from [the time of] Egypt she [did] not abandon, for they slept with her in her childhood, and they caressed the bosoms of her virginity, and they poured out their fornication on her.
9 Therefore I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the {Assyrians} {after whom she lusted}.
10 They uncovered her nakedness; they took her sons and her daughters, and they killed her with the sword. And she became a name for the women, and they executed judgments against her.
11 "And though Oholibah her sister saw, yet in her lust {she behaved more corruptly than her}, and her whoring [was] more than the prostitution of her sister.
12 She lusted after the {Assyrians}, governors and prefects, warriors clothed in perfection, {expert horsemen}, all of them {handsome young men}.
13 And I saw that she was defiled; {they had both taken the same path}!
14 And she increased her whorings, and she saw men carved on the wall, images of Chaldeans carved in red
15 belted with a belt at their waist with turbans on their heads, all of them [giving] [the] appearance of adjutants, the image of the {Babylonians}; Chaldea [was] the land of their birth.
16 And she lusted for them {when her eyes saw them}, and she sent messengers to them [at] Chaldea.
17 And so the {Babylonians} came to her [for the] bed of lovemaking; and they defiled her with their fornication, and she was defiled by them, and she turned from them.
18 And she revealed her whorings, and she revealed her nakedness, and so I turned from her {just as} I turned from her sister.
19 Yet she increased her whorings, {recalling} the days of her childhood when she was prostituted in the land of Egypt
20 And she lusted after her male lovers whose genitalia [were the] genitalia of male donkeys and [their] seminal emission [was the] seminal emission of horses.
21 And you longed [after] the obscene conduct of your youth when your bosom was caressed by Egypt, fondling your young breasts.
22 "Therefore, Oholibah, thus says the Lord Yahweh: 'Look! I [am] stirring up your lovers against you [concerning] whom you turned away, and I will bring them against you from all around:
23 the {Babylonians} and all of the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, all of the {Assyrians} [along] with them, {handsome young men}, governors and prefects, all of them adjutants {and excellent horsemen}.
24 And they will come against you [with] an army chariot and wagon and with a crowd of peoples; they will set [themselves] against you [from] all around [with] large shield and small shield and helmet. And I will give {before them} judgment, and they will judge you with their judgments.
25 And I will direct my zeal against you, and they will deal with you in anger; your nose and your ears they will remove, and {those who are left}, they will fall by the sword, and they will take your sons and your daughters, and {your remnant} will be consumed by fire.
26 And they will strip you [of] your clothes, and they will take {your splendid jewelry}.
27 And I will put an end to your obscene conduct [coming] from you and your fornication from the land of Egypt, and you will not lift your eyes to them; and you will not remember Egypt again.'
28 For thus says the Lord Yahweh: 'Look! I [am] giving you into the hand of those you hated, into the hand of those from whom you turned away.
29 And they will deal with you in hatred, and they will take all of your acquisitions, and they will leave you naked and [in] bareness; and the nakedness of your fornication and your obscene conduct and your whorings will be exposed.
30 These [things] [are] accomplished against you since you prostituted yourself after the nations, [and] on account of that, you defiled yourself by their idols.
31 You went in the [same] way of your sister, and I will give her cup into your hand." '
32 Thus says the Lord Yahweh: "You will drink the deep and wide cup of your sister; you will be as laughter and as scorn; {the cup holds so much}!
33 You will be filled with drunkenness and sorrow, for a cup of horror and desolation [is] the cup of your sister, Samaria.
34 And you will drink it, and you will drain [it], and its potsherds you will gnaw, and you will tear out your breasts, for {I myself} spoke," {declares} the Lord Yahweh.
35 Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: "Because you have forgotten me, and you threw me behind your back, now in turn you bear your obscene conduct and your whorings."
36 And Yahweh said to me, "Son of man, will you judge Oholah and Oholibah and declare their abominable deeds to them
37 For they committed adultery, and blood [is] on their hands, and they committed adultery with their idols, and even their children that they had borne for me--they sacrificed them as food!
38 Also they did this to me: they defiled my sanctuary on that day, and they profaned my Sabbaths
39 and when they slaughtered their children for their idols, they came to my sanctuary on that day to profane it. And look, {this is what they did in my house}!
40 {What is worse}, they sent for men {who come} from a distant place, [to] whom a messenger [was] sent to them, and look! They came! [Men] for whom you bathed and painted your eyes, and you adorned yourself [with] an ornament.
41 And you sat on a magnificent couch and a table prepared {before her}, and my incense and my olive oil you put on her.
42 And a sound of a carefree crowd [was] with it, and in addition to [these] men, {a crowd of drunken men was brought in} from [the] desert, and they put bracelets on their arms and a crown of splendor on their heads.
43 And I said to the one worn out [with] adulteries, 'Now they will prostitute [her] [concerning] her fornication, even her.'
44 And [so] they went to her like going to a female prostitute; and thus they went to Oholah and to Oholibah, the women of obscene conduct.
45 But righteous men, they will judge them [with] [the] judgment of committing adultery, and [with] [the] judgment of shedding blood; for they were committing adultery, and blood [was] on their hands."
46 For thus says the Lord Yahweh: "Bring up against them an assembly, and make them as a thing of horror and as plunder.
47 And an assembly must stone them [with] stones, and they must cut them down. With their swords they shall kill their sons and their daughters, and with fire they shall burn their houses.
48 And {I will cause obscene conduct to cease from the land}, and all of the women will be warned, and they will not do according to your wickedness.
49 And they will repay your obscene conduct upon you, and the guilt of your idols you will bear, and you will know that I [am] the Lord Yahweh.

Ezekiel 23 Commentary

Chapter 23

A history of the apostacy of God's people from him, and the aggravation thereof.

- In this parable, Samaria and Israel bear the name Aholah, "her own tabernacle;" because the places of worship those kingdoms had, were of their own devising. Jerusalem and Judah bear the name of Aholibah, "my tabernacle is in her," because their temple was the place which God himself had chosen, to put his name there. The language and figures are according to those times. Will not such humbling representations of nature keep open perpetual repentance and sorrow in the soul, hiding pride from our eyes, and taking us from self-righteousness? Will it not also prompt the soul to look to God continually for grace, that by his Holy Spirit we may mortify the deeds of the body, and live in holy conversation and godliness?

Footnotes 65

  • [a]. Literally "was"
  • [b]. Literally "to say"
  • [c]. Or "mortal," or "son of humankind"
  • [d]. Literally "they were for me"
  • [e]. Hebrew "name"
  • [f]. Literally "under me"
  • [g]. Literally "young men of handsomeness/beauty"
  • [h]. Literally "riders [of] horsemen"
  • [i]. Literally "sons of Assyria"
  • [j]. Literally "sons of Assyria"
  • [k]. Literally "which she lusted for them"
  • [l]. Literally "she behaved corruptly [in] lust from her"
  • [m]. Literally "sons of Assyria"
  • [n]. Hebrew uncertain
  • [o]. Or "to"
  • [p]. Or "in full armor" or "wonderfully dressed"
  • [q]. Literally "horsemen, riders of horses"
  • [r]. Literally "young men of handsomeness"
  • [s]. Literally "way one [was] for the two of them"
  • [t]. Or "portrayed"
  • [u]. According to the reading tradition (Qere)
  • [v]. Or "around"
  • [w]. Or "officers"
  • [x]. Or "likeness"
  • [y]. Literally "sons of Babylon"
  • [z]. Literally "at the sight of her eyes"
  • [aa]. Literally "sons of Babylon"
  • [ab]. Literally "as that"
  • [ac]. Or "And"
  • [ad]. Or "remembering"
  • [ae]. Or "prostituted [herself]"
  • [af]. Literally "sons of Babylon"
  • [ag]. Literally "sons of Assyria"
  • [ah]. Literally "young men of beauty/handsomeness"
  • [ai]. Or "officers"
  • [aj]. Literally "ones called riders of horses"
  • [ak]. Or "horde" or "host of"
  • [al]. Literally "to the face of them"
  • [am]. Literally "and remainder your"
  • [an]. Literally "and remainder your"
  • [ao]. Literally "the jewelry of splendor your"; or "your beautiful jewelry"
  • [ap]. Literally "them"
  • [aq]. Or "done"
  • [ar]. Hebrew "in"
  • [as]. Or place "drink deep and wide the cup"
  • [at]. Literally "a large among to hold"
  • [au]. Literally "I, I"
  • [av]. Literally "declaration of"
  • [aw]. Or "also"
  • [ax]. Or "mortal," or "son of humankind"
  • [ay]. Or "for"
  • [az]. Literally "thus they did in the midst of house my"
  • [ba]. Literally "and also for/indeed"
  • [bb]. Literally "coming"
  • [bc]. Literally "to the face of her"
  • [bd]. Or "it"
  • [be]. Or "her"
  • [bf]. A problematic verse; reading according to the reading tradition (Qere)
  • [bg]. Literally "from an abundance of men being brought in drunken"
  • [bh]. Or "wilderness"
  • [bi]. Or "about"
  • [bj]. Or "that [she] did"
  • [bk]. Or "a woman"
  • [bl]. Hebrew "stone"
  • [bm]. Or "I will put an end to obscene conduct from the land"

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO EZEKIEL 23

In this chapter the idolatries of Israel and Judah are represented under the metaphor of two harlots, and their lewdness. These harlots are described by their descent; by the place and time in which they committed their whoredoms; by their names, and which are explained, Eze 23:1-4, the idolatries of Israel, or the ten tribes, under the name of Aholah, which they committed with the Assyrians, and which they continued from the Egyptians, of whom they had learned them, are exposed, Eze 23:5-8, and their punishment for them is declared, Eze 23:9,10 then the idolatries of Judah, or the two tribes, under the name of Aholibah, are represented as greater than those of the ten tribes, Eze 23:11, which they committed with the Assyrians, Eze 23:12, with the Chaldeans and Babylonians, Eze 23:13-18 in imitation of the Egyptians, reviving former idolatries learnt of them, Eze 23:19-21, wherefore they are threatened, that the Chaldeans, Babylonians, and Assyrians, should come against them, and spoil them, and carry them captive, Eze 23:22-35, and the prophet is bid to declare the abominable sin of them both, Eze 23:36-44, and to signify that they should be judged after the manner of adulteresses, should be stoned, and dispatched with swords, their sons and their daughters, and their houses burnt with fire; by which means their adulteries or idolatries should be made to cease, Eze 23:45-49.

as the Targum; another prophecy, one upon the same subject, as in Eze 16:1,

\\saying\\; as follows:

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Ezekiel 23 Commentaries

Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software.