Job 20

Zophar’s Second Speech

1 Then Zophar the Naamathite answered and said,
2 "Therefore my disquieting thoughts bring me back {for the sake of} my inward excitement.
3 I hear discipline that insults me, and a spirit beyond my understanding answers me.
4 "Did you know this from of old, since the setting of [the] human being on earth,
5 that [the] rejoicing of [the] wicked [is] {short}, and the joy of [the] godless {lasts only a moment}?
6 Even though his stature mounts up to the heaven, and his head reaches to the clouds,
7 he will perish forever like his dung; [those who] have seen him will say, 'Where [is] he?'
8 He will fly away like a dream, and they will not find him, and he will be chased away like a vision of [the] night.
9 [The] eye [that] saw him {will not see him again}, and his place will no longer behold him.
10 His children will seek favors from [the] poor, and his hands will return his wealth.
11 His bones were full of his vigor, but it will lie down with him on [the] dust.
12 "Though wickedness tastes sweet in his mouth, [and] he hides it under his tongue,
13 [though] he spares it and does not let it go [and] holds it back in the midst of his palate,
14 in his bowels his food is turned, [the] venom of horned vipers [is] {within him}.
15 He swallows riches, but he vomits them [up]; God drives them out from his stomach.
16 He will suck [the] poison of horned vipers; [the] viper's tongue will kill him.
17 {He will not enjoy the streams}, [the] torrents of honey and curds.
18 Returning [the] products of [his] toil, he will not swallow; according to the profit of his trade, {he will not enjoy},
19 for he has oppressed; he has abandoned [the] poor; he has seized a house but did not build it.
20 Because he has not known satisfaction in his stomach, {he lets nothing escape that he desires}.
21 {There is nothing left after he has eaten}; therefore his prosperity will not endure.
22 In the fullness of his excess {he will be in distress}; all of misery's power will come [upon] him.
23 {When his stomach fills up}, [God] will send {his burning anger} upon him, and he will let [it] rain down upon him as his food.
24 "He will flee from an iron weapon, [but] an arrow of bronze will pierce him.
25 He draws [it] forth, and it comes out from [his] body, and [the] glittering point comes from his gall-bladder; terrors come upon him.
26 {Total darkness} is hidden for his treasures; {an unfanned fire} will devour him; [the] remnant {will be consumed} in his tent.
27 [The] heavens will reveal his guilt, and [the] earth will rise up against him.
28 The products of his house will be carried away [like] gushing waters on the day of his wrath.
29 This [is] a wicked human being's portion from God and the inheritance of his decree from God."

Job 20 Commentary

Chapter 20

Zophar speaks of the short joy of the wicked. (1-9) The ruin of the wicked. (10-22) The portion of the wicked. (23-29)

Verses 1-9 Zophar's discourse is upon the certain misery of the wicked. The triumph of the wicked and the joy of the hypocrite are fleeting. The pleasures and gains of sin bring disease and pain; they end in remorse, anguish, and ruin. Dissembled piety is double iniquity, and the ruin that attends it will be accordingly.

Verses 10-22 The miserable condition of the wicked man in this world is fully set forth. The lusts of the flesh are here called the sins of his youth. His hiding it and keeping it under his tongue, denotes concealment of his beloved lust, and delight therein. But He who knows what is in the heart, knows what is under the tongue, and will discover it. The love of the world, and of the wealth of it, also is wickedness, and man sets his heart upon these. Also violence and injustice, these sins bring God's judgments upon nations and families. Observe the punishment of the wicked man for these things. Sin is turned into gall, than which nothing is more bitter; it will prove to him poison; so will all unlawful gains be. In his fulness he shall be in straits, through the anxieties of his own mind. To be led by the sanctifying grace of God to restore what was unjustly gotten, as Zaccheus was, is a great mercy. But to be forced to restore by the horrors of a despairing conscience, as Judas was, has no benefit and comfort attending it.

Verses 23-29 Zophar, having described the vexations which attend wicked practices, shows their ruin from God's wrath. There is no fence against this, but in Christ, who is the only Covert from the storm and tempest, ( Isaiah 32:2 ) . Zophar concludes, "This is the portion of a wicked man from God;" it is allotted him. Never was any doctrine better explained, or worse applied, than this by Zophar, who intended to prove Job a hypocrite. Let us receive the good explanation, and make a better application, for warning to ourselves, to stand in awe and sin not. One view of Jesus, directed by the Holy Spirit, and by him suitably impressed upon our souls, will quell a thousand carnal reasonings about the suffering of the faithful.

Footnotes 31

  • [a]. Hebrew "And"
  • [b]. Literally "and in because of"
  • [c]. Or "my inward haste"
  • [d]. Singular
  • [e]. Literally "from near"
  • [f]. Literally "[is] until a moment"
  • [g]. Literally "and it will not do again"
  • [h]. Hebrew "and"
  • [i]. Or "in"
  • [j]. Literally "in his entrails"
  • [k]. Hebrew "and"
  • [l]. Hebrew "it"
  • [m]. Hebrew "it"
  • [n]. Literally "He will not look on streams"
  • [o]. Hebrew "and he will not swallow"
  • [p]. Literally "and he will not taste"
  • [q]. Or "and"
  • [r]. Literally "in his desire he does not let be saved"
  • [s]. Literally "There is not a remnant at his eating"
  • [t]. Literally "it will be in distress for him"
  • [u]. Literally "It will be to fill up his stomach"
  • [v]. Literally "the blaze of his nose/anger"
  • [w]. Or "them"
  • [x]. Literally "All darkness"
  • [y]. Or "His treasures are hidden [by] total darkness"
  • [z]. Literally "a fire not fanned"
  • [aa]. Of his treasures
  • [ab]. Literally "will be evil," or "will be bad"
  • [ac]. Or "the produce of his house will go away into exile"
  • [ad]. Or "[by] gushing waters"
  • [ae]. Or "and the inheritance decreed for him by God" (compare ESV, NJPS)

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO JOB 20

Zophar and his friends, not satisfied with Job's confession of faith, he in his turn replies, and in his preface gives his reasons why he made any answer at all, and was so quick in it, Job 20:1-3; and appeals to Job for the truth of an old established maxim, that the prosperity of wicked men and hypocrites is very short lived, Job 20:4,5; and the short enjoyment of their happiness is described by several elegant figures and similes, Job 20:6-9; such a wicked man being obliged, in his lifetime, to restore his ill gotten goods, and at death to lie down with the sins of his youth, Job 20:10,11; his sin in getting riches, the disquietude of his mind in retaining them, and his being forced to make restitution, are very beautifully expressed by the simile of a sweet morsel kept in the mouth, and turned to the gall of asps in the bowels, and then vomited up, Job 20:12-16; the disappointment he shall have, the indigent and strait circumstances he shall be brought into, and the restitution he shall be obliged to make for the oppression of the poor, and the uneasiness he shall feel in his own breast, are set forth in a very strong light, Job 20:17-22; and it is suggested, that not only the hand of wicked men should be upon him, but the wrath of God also, which should seize on him suddenly and secretly, and would be inevitable, he not being able to make his escape from it, and which would issue in the utter destruction of him and his in this world, and that to come, Job 20:23-28. And the chapter is, concluded with this observation, that such as before described is the appointed portion and heritage of a wicked man from God, Job 20:29.

Job 20 Commentaries

Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software.