Numbers 3:4

4 Nadab and Abihu died {before Yahweh} when they presented a strange fire {before Yahweh} in the desert of Sinai, and {they had no children}. Eleazar and Ithamar served as priest during the presence of Aaron their father.

Numbers 3:4 Meaning and Commentary

Numbers 3:4

And Nadab and Abihu died before the Lord
, By flaming fire, as the Targum of Jonathan adds, see ( Leviticus 10:2 ) ; and so were not alive at this time when the account of the priests and Levites was taken:

when they offered strange fire before the Lord in the wilderness of
Sinai;
after the tabernacle was set up, and the service of it begun, and quickly after their unction and consecration: of this strange fire, (See Gill on Numbers 10:1);

and they had no children;
which is observed, partly to show the punishment of them, and the reproach upon their names, that they died childless, and had none to succeed them in the priesthood; for as the Jewish writers F14 observe if they had left any behind them, those would have come into the office before Eleazar and Ithamar; and partly to show that all the priests in succeeding ages sprung from those next mentioned:

and Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest's office, in the
sight of Aaron their father;
in his presence, under his inspection, and by his direction, he seeing and observing that they did everything according to the laws delivered by Moses, relating to, the office of the priesthood; or while he was yet alive, as Aben Ezra, they were concerned with him, and acted under him in the priestly office; and so the Septuagint version renders it, "with Aaron their father" F15; but a Jewish writer F16 interprets it in a different manner, "in the room of Aaron their father"; as if it respected not any conjunction with him in the then present exercise of their office in his lifetime, but their succession in it after his death; but the former seems most correct.


FOOTNOTES:

F14 Torat Cohanim apud Ceseph Misnah in Maimon. Melachim, c. 1. sect. 7. Chaskuniin in loc.
F15 Which is approved by Noldius, p. 731.
F16 Chaskuni.

Numbers 3:4 In-Context

2 These [are] the names of the descendants of Aaron: Nadab the firstborn, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
3 These [are] the names of the descendants of Aaron, the priests, the anointed ones whom {he consecrated as priests}.
4 Nadab and Abihu died {before Yahweh} when they presented a strange fire {before Yahweh} in the desert of Sinai, and {they had no children}. Eleazar and Ithamar served as priest during the presence of Aaron their father.
5 Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
6 "Bring near the tribe of Levi, and {set the tribe} {before Aaron} the priest, and they will minister to him.

Footnotes 3

  • [a]. Literally "before the face of Yahweh"
  • [b]. Literally "before the face of Yahweh"
  • [c]. Literally "sons were not for them"
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