Psalms 72:5-15

5 Let them fear You 1while the sun endures, And as long as the moon, throughout all generations.
6 May he come down 2like rain upon the mown grass, Like 3showers that water the earth.
7 In his days may the 4righteous flourish, And 5abundance of peace till the moon is no more.
8 May he also rule 6from sea to sea And from the River to the ends of the earth.
9 Let 7the nomads of the desert 8bow before him, And his enemies 9lick the dust.
10 Let the kings of 10Tarshish and of the 11islands bring presents; The kings of 12Sheba and 13Seba 14offer gifts.
11 And let all 15kings bow down before him, All 16nations serve him.
12 For he will 17deliver the needy when he cries for help, The afflicted also, and him who has no helper.
13 He will have 18compassion on the poor and needy, And the lives of the needy he will save.
14 He will 19rescue their life from oppression and violence, And their blood will be 20precious in his sight;
15 So may he live, and may the 21gold of Sheba be given to him; And let them pray for him continually; Let them bless him all day long.

Psalms 72:5-15 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO PSALM 72

\\<<[A Psalm] for Solomon>>\\. The title of this psalm is by some rendered, "a psalm of Solomon" {h}; as a psalm dwdl, "for David", is often rendered "a psalm of David"; and so make Solomon to be the writer of it: to which the Targum inclines, which paraphrases it, ``by the hand of Solomon, said in prophecy.'' But, though Solomon had a gift of divine poetry, as appears by the Song of Songs, composed by him; and the Thousand and Five, he was the author of; and perhaps wrote the hundred twenty seventh Psalm: yet by the first and last verses of this psalm it may be concluded it was not written by him, but by David; and very likely at the close of his days, when he ordered Solomon to be anointed king, and expressed his satisfaction in it; his prayers and wishes then being ended with regard to that affair; see 1Ki 1:34,48. And so the title in the Syriac version is, ``a psalm of David, when he made Solomon king:'' the same Kimchi observes; it was written for him, and on his account: and it might be sent to him, and delivered into his hands, to be laid up and kept by him, and be referred to for his use at proper times. For it may be rendered, as in the Arabic version, "to Solomon"; which adds, the son of David: or else it may denote the subject of the psalm, and be read, "concerning Solomon" {i}; the Messiah, the antitypical Solomon; who is often called by this name in the Song of Songs; see So 3:7,9,11, 8:11; Solomon being a type of him in his wisdom and riches, and in the peaceableness and extent of his kingdom; to which reference is had in this psalm. But a greater than Solomon is here; that the Messiah is the subject of it is manifest from the largeness of his kingdom, it reaching to the ends of the earth; which was not true of Solomon, Ps 72:8; and from the duration of it, it being as long as the sun and moon endure, Ps 72:5,7,17; and from the abundance of peace and prosperity in it, which equally last, Ps 72:3,7; and from the subjection of kings and nations to him, even all of them, Ps 72:9-11; and from the happiness of his subjects; they having protection, deliverance, and salvation by him, and all spiritual blessings in him; which shows him to be the promised seed, in whom all nations should be blessed, Ps 72:2,4,12-14,16,17, and from the honour, praise, glory, and blessedness, ascribed to him, Ps 72:15,17-19. So Tertullian {k}, long ago, observed, that this psalm belongs to Christ, and not to Solomon. And that the Messiah is intended, many of the Jewish writers, both ancient and modern, acknowledge, as appears from the Targum, Talmud, Midrash, and other writings, which will be observed in the exposition of it. Jarchi, though he interprets it of Solomon, yet owns that their Rabbins expound the whole psalm of the Messiah: and Kimchi, who explains it hyperbolically of Solomon, acknowledges that, in the proper and literal sense, it is to be understood of the Messiah; and which is the sense given by his father, R. Joseph Kimchi. Aben Ezra says, this psalm is either concerning Solomon, or concerning the Messiah; but Abarbinel {l} makes no doubt that it is said concerning him. R. Obadiah says, it is concerning the coming of the Messiah; and to this agrees the title in the Syriac version, ``and a prophecy concerning the coming of the Messiah, and the calling of the Gentiles.'' {h} hmlvl "ipsius Selomoh", Vatablus; Salomonis, Cocceius. {i} "De Salomone", Muis. {k} Adv. Marcion. l. 5. c. 9. {l} Mashmiah Jeshuah, fol. 78. 2, 3.

Cross References 21

  • 1. Psalms 72:17; Psalms 89:36, 37
  • 2. Deuteronomy 32:2; 2 Samuel 23:4; Hosea 6:3
  • 3. Psalms 65:10
  • 4. Psalms 92:12
  • 5. Isaiah 2:4
  • 6. Exodus 23:31; Zechariah 9:10
  • 7. Psalms 74:14; Isaiah 23:13
  • 8. Psalms 22:29
  • 9. Isaiah 49:23; Micah 7:17
  • 10. 2 Chronicles 9:21; Psalms 48:7
  • 11. Psalms 97:1; Isaiah 42:4, 10; Zephaniah 2:11
  • 12. 1 Kings 10:1; Job 6:19; Isaiah 60:6
  • 13. Genesis 10:7; Isaiah 43:3
  • 14. Psalms 45:12; Psalms 68:29
  • 15. Psalms 138:4; Isaiah 49:23
  • 16. Psalms 86:9
  • 17. Job 29:12; Psalms 72:4
  • 18. Proverbs 19:17; Proverbs 28:8
  • 19. Psalms 69:18
  • 20. 1 Samuel 26:21; Psalms 116:15
  • 21. Isaiah 60:6

Footnotes 15

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