Exodus 18:25

25 He chose men of ability from the whole community of Israel. He made them leaders of the people. They became officials over thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens.

Exodus 18:25 Meaning and Commentary

Exodus 18:25

And Moses chose able men out of all Israel
He looked among them, and selected the best of them, such as most answered to the qualifications it was requisite they should have; and though only one of them is here mentioned, which is the first Jethro gave, yet no doubt they were all attended to, though not expressed:

and made them heads over the people;
rulers, governors, judges, and officers; this is a general word, comprehending their several particular offices they sustained; which seem to be chiefly distinguished by the different numbers of people, or families, under them, otherwise their work and office were much the same:

rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers
of tens;
just as Jethro advised, ( Exodus 18:21 ) . According to the Targum of Jonathan, the rulers of thousands were six hundred, rulers of hundreds 6000, rulers of fifties 12,000, and the rulers of tens 60,000; and so Jarchi; and the like account is given in both the Talmuds ^F24, where the whole is summed up, amounting to 78,600; which account Aben Ezra disapproves of, and thinks not credible: it is built upon the number of Israel at this time, when they came out of Egypt, being 600,000 men; and so if there was a ruler to every thousand men, there must be six hundred of them, and so on; but these thousands may intend not individual persons, but families, that these were appointed over, as the families of Israel and Judah are called their thousands, ( Micah 5:2 ) ( Judges 6:15 ) and this will serve greatly to reduce the number of these judges and officers.

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FOOTNOTES:

F24 T. Hieros. Sanhedrin, fol. 19. 3. T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 18. 1.

Exodus 18:25 In-Context

23 "If this is what God wants and if you do it, then you will be able to carry the load. And all of these people will go home satisfied."

24 Moses listened to his father-in-law. He did everything Jethro said.

25 He chose men of ability from the whole community of Israel. He made them leaders of the people. They became officials over thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens.

26 They judged the people at all times. They brought the hard cases to Moses. But they decided the easy ones themselves.

27 Moses sent his father-in-law on his way. So Jethro returned to his own country.