Psaume 21

1 Au maître-chantre. Psaume de David.

2 Éternel, le roi se réjouit de ta puissance, et quelle allégresse lui donne ton salut!

3 Tu lui as accordé le désir de son cœur, et ne lui as pas refusé la prière de ses lèvres. (Sélah.)

4 Car tu l'as prévenu par des bénédictions excellentes; tu as mis sur sa tête une couronne d'or fin.

5 Il te demandait la vie; tu la lui as donnée, une longue durée de jours, à perpétuité, à jamais.

6 Sa gloire est grande par ta délivrance; tu le revêts de splendeur et de majesté.

7 Car tu fais de lui l'objet de tes bénédictions pour toujours, tu le combles de joie en ta présence.

8 Le roi met sa confiance en l'Éternel, et par la bonté du Très-Haut, il ne sera point ébranlé.

9 Ta main atteindra tous tes ennemis, ta droite atteindra ceux qui te haïssent.

10 Tu les rendras tels qu'un four ardent, quand tu paraîtras; l'Éternel les engloutira dans sa colère, et le feu les consumera.

11 Tu feras périr leur fruit de dessus la terre, et leur race d'entre les fils des hommes.

12 Car ils ont projeté du mal contre toi; ils ont formé des desseins qu'ils ne pourront exécuter.

13 Car tu les mettras en fuite, tu armeras ton arc contre leur face.

14 Élève-toi, ô Éternel, dans ta force! Nous chanterons et nous célébrerons ta puissance!

Psaume 21 Commentary

Chapter 21

Thanksgiving for victory. (1-6) Confidence of further success. (7-13)

Verses 1-6 Happy the people whose king makes God's strength his confidence, and God's salvation his joy; who is pleased with all the advancements of God kingdom, and trusts God to support him in all he does for the service of it. All our blessings are blessings of goodness, and are owing, not to any merit of ours, but only to God's goodness. But when God's blessings come sooner, and prove richer than we imagine; when they are given before we prayed for them, before we were ready for them, nay, when we feared the contrary; then it may be truly said that he prevented, or went before us, with them. Nothing indeed prevented, or went before Christ, but to mankind never was any favour more preventing than our redemption by Christ. Thou hast made him to be a universal, everlasting blessing to the world, in whom the families of the earth are, and shall be blessed; and so thou hast made him exceeding glad with the countenance thou hast given to his undertaking, and to him in the prosecution of it. The Spirit of prophecy rises from what related to the king, to that which is peculiar to Christ; none other is blessed for ever, much less a blessing for ever.

Verses 7-13 The psalmist teaches to look forward with faith, and hope, and prayer upon what God would further do. The success with which God blessed David, was a type of the total overthrow of all Christ's enemies. Those who might have had Christ to rule and save them, but rejected him and fought against him, shall find the remembrance of it a worm that dies not. God makes sinners willing by his grace, receives them to his favour, and delivers them from the wrath to come. May he exalt himself, by his all-powerful grace, in our hearts, destroying all the strong-holds of sin and Satan. How great should be our joy and praise to behold our Brother and Friend upon the throne, and for all the blessings we may expect from him! yet he delights in his exalted state, as enabling him to confer happiness and glory on poor sinners, who are taught to love and trust in him.

Chapter Summary

To the chief Musician, a Psalm of David. This psalm was either written by David; and therefore called a "psalm of David"; or it was written, as it may be rendered, "for David," by some other person, on account of his victories and triumphs; or rather "concerning David" {s}; that is, concerning the Messiah, the son of David, as Kimchi says some expound it; or concerning the Messiah, who is called David, Ezekiel 37:24; and Jarchi observes, that their Rabbins interpret it of the Messiah; but, says he, it is right to explain it, moreover, of David himself, for an answer to the heretics (Christians) who err in it; and various passages in this psalm are by the Jewish writers understood of the Messiah; as "the King," in Psalm 20:1 is in the Targum called the King Messiah; Psalm 21:4 is in the Talmud applied {t} to him; Psalm 21:3 are in Zohar {u}, and in the Midrashes {w}, interpreted of him; and many Christian writers understand the whole of him; which is right: though Theodoret thinks it was penned on the account of the health of King Hezekiah, and his restoration from his disease; which is not likely.

{s} dwdl "pro Davide, vel de Davide," Vatablus. {t} T. Bab. Succah, fol. 52. 1. Vid. Nachman. disput. "cum fratre Paulo," p. 36. Ed. Wagenseil. {u} In Numb. fol. 68. 3. 4. {w} Midrash Tillim apud Viccars. in loc. & in Galatin. l. 3. c. 9. Bemidbar Rabba, fol. 212. 4. & 218. 1.