Deuteronomy 22:2

2 And if he is not near you, or if you do not know him, you shall bring it home to your house, and it shall be with you until your brother seeks it; then you shall restore it to him.

Deuteronomy 22:2 Meaning and Commentary

Deuteronomy 22:2

And if thy brother be not nigh unto thee
Does not live in the same neighbourhood, but at some considerable distance; so that he cannot soon and easily be informed of his cattle, or they be sent to him:

or if thou know him not;
the owner of them, what is his name, or where he lives:

then thou shall bring it into thine house;
not into his dwelling house, but some out house, barn, or stable:

and it shall be with thee;
remain in his custody, and be taken care of by him; and, as the Targum of Jonathan says, "be fed and nourished by him"; for, according to the Jewish canon F19, whatsoever could work and eat, that should work and eat, and whatsoever did not work and eat was to be sold; for which there was a set time, as the commentators say {t}, for large cattle, as oxen, twelve months; for lesser cattle, as sheep, goats three months, here it is fixed,

until thy brother seek after it;
though in the mean while the finder was to make use of means, whereby the owner might be informed of it; for whatsoever was lost, in which were marks and signs by which inquiries might be made, were to be proclaimed F21; (and it is asked) how long a man was obliged to proclaim? until it was known to his neighbours; same say (he must proclaim it) at three feasts, and seven days after the last feast, so that he may go home three days, and return three days, and proclaim one day; if (the owner) tells what is lost, but does not tell the marks or signs, he may not give it him; and a deceiver, though he tells the signs, he may not give it him, as it is said, "until thy brother seek after it"; until thou inquirest of thy brother whether he is a deceiver or not: and elsewhere it is said F23, formerly if a man lost anything, and gave the signs or marks of it, he took it; but after deceivers increased, it was ordered to be said to him, bring witnesses that thou art not a deceiver, and take it; and in the same place it is observed, that there was at Jerusalem a stone, called Eben Toim, "the stone of strays", and whoever had lost or found anything repaired thither, and gave the signs and marks of it, and took it:

and thou shalt restore it to him again;
he having made it fully to appear to be his, and having defrayed all expenses in advertising and keeping it; but if no owner appear to claim it, or not to satisfaction, the finder was to keep it as his own; but otherwise he was by all means to restore it, or, as in ( Deuteronomy 23:1 ) "in restoring thou shalt restore them" F24, that is, certainly restore them; and continually wherever it so happens: the Jewish canon is F25,

``if he restores it, and afterwards it strays away, and he restores it again and it strays away, even though four or five times, he is bound to restore it; as it is said, "in restoring thou shalt restore them"; Maimonides says F26, that even an hundred times he is bound to restore them.''


FOOTNOTES:

F19 Misn. Bava Metzia, c. 2. sect. 7.
F20 Maimon. & Bartenora in ib.
F21 Misn. ib. sect. 5, 6, 7.
F23 T. Bab. Bava Metzia, fol. 28. 2.
F24 (Mbyvt bvh) "reducendo reduces eos", Pagninus, Montanus.
F25 Misn. ut supra, (F19) sect. 9.
F26 Hilchot Gazelah ve abadah, c. 11. sect. 14.

Deuteronomy 22:2 In-Context

1 "You shall not see your brother's ox or his sheep go astray, and withhold your help from them; you shall take them back to your brother.
2 And if he is not near you, or if you do not know him, you shall bring it home to your house, and it shall be with you until your brother seeks it; then you shall restore it to him.
3 And so you shall do with his ass; so you shall do with his garment; so you shall do with any lost thing of your brother's, which he loses and you find; you may not withhold your help.
4 You shall not see your brother's ass or his ox fallen down by the way, and withhold your help from them; you shall help him to lift them up again.
5 "A woman shall not wear anything that pertains to a man, nor shall a man put on a woman's garment; for whoever does these things is an abomination to the LORD your God.
Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright 1952 [2nd edition, 1971] by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.