Joshua 12:1-7

Kings Defeated by Israel

1 Now these are the ¹kings of the land whom the sons of Israel defeated, and whose land they possessed beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise *, from the valley of the Arnon as far as Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah to the east:

2 Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled ²from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, both the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, even as far as the brook Jabbok, the border of the sons of Ammon;

3 and the ³Arabah as far as the Sea of Chinneroth toward the east, and as far as the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward toward ⁴Beth-jeshimoth, and on the south, at the foot of the slopes of Pisgah;

4 and the territory of Og king of Bashan, one of ⁵the remnant of Rephaim, who lived at ⁶Ashtaroth and at Edrei,

5 and ruled over Mount Hermon and ⁷Salecah and all Bashan, as far as ⁸the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half of Gilead, as far as the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

6 Moses the servant of the LORD and the sons of Israel defeated them; and ⁹Moses the servant of the LORD gave it to the Reubenites and the Gadites and the half-tribe * of Manasseh as a possession.

7 Now these are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the sons of Israel defeated beyond the Jordan toward the west, from Baal-gad in the valley of Lebanon even as far as ¹⁰Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir; and Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their divisions,

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Joshua 12:1-7 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 12

This chapter gives a short account of the conquests made by the Israelites, both in the times of Moses and of Joshua, and first of the kingdom of Sihon and Og on the other side Jordan, in the times of Moses, and which he gave to the two tribes of Reuben and Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and which are particularly described, Jos 12:1-6; and then of the kings and the countries on this side Jordan whom Joshua conquered, Jos 12:7,8; and the names of the thirty one kingdoms are recited, that so it might be exactly known and observed what were afterwards divided among the tribes and possessed by them, Jos 12:9-24.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 10

1. Numbers 32:33; Deuteronomy 3:8-17
2. Deuteronomy 2:36
3. Joshua 11:2
4. Joshua 13:20
5. Deuteronomy 3:11
6. Deuteronomy 1:4
7. Deuteronomy 3:10; Joshua 13:11; 1 Chronicles 5:11
8. Deuteronomy 3:14; 1 Samuel 27:8
9. Numbers 32:33; Deuteronomy 3:12
10. Joshua 11:17

Footnotes 6

[a]. Lit "smote"
[b]. I.e. Galilee
[c]. Lit "the way of"
[d]. Lit "under"
[e]. Lit "smote"
[f]. Lit "smote"