Psalms 78:11-57

11 They 1forgot his works and 2the wonders that he had shown them.
12 In the sight of their fathers 3he performed wonders in the land of Egypt, in 4the fields of Zoan.
13 He 5divided the sea and let them pass through it, and made the waters 6stand like a heap.
14 7In the daytime he led them with a cloud, and all the night with a fiery light.
15 He 8split rocks in the wilderness and gave them drink abundantly as from the deep.
16 He made streams come out of 9the rock and caused waters to flow down like rivers.
17 Yet they sinned still more against him, 10rebelling against the Most High in the desert.
18 They 11tested God in their heart by demanding the food they craved.
19 They spoke against God, saying, 12"Can God 13spread a table in the wilderness?
20 14He struck the rock so that water gushed out and streams overflowed. Can he also give bread or provide meat for his people?"
21 Therefore, when the LORD heard, he was full of wrath; 15a fire was kindled against Jacob; his anger rose against Israel,
22 because they 16did not believe in God and did not trust his saving power.
23 Yet he commanded the skies above and 17opened the doors of heaven,
24 and he 18rained down on them manna to eat and gave them 19the grain of heaven.
25 Man ate of the bread of 20the angels; he sent them food 21in abundance.
26 He 22caused the east wind to blow in the heavens, and by his power he led out the south wind;
27 he rained meat on them like 23dust, winged birds like 24the sand of the seas;
28 he 25let them fall in the midst of their camp, all around their dwellings.
29 And they 26ate and were well filled, for he gave them what they 27craved.
30 But before they had satisfied their craving, 28while the food was still in their mouths,
31 the anger of God rose against them, and he killed 29the strongest of them and laid low 30the young men of Israel.
32 In spite of all this, they 31still sinned; 32despite his wonders, they did not believe.
33 So he made 33their days 34vanish like[a] a breath,[b] and their years in terror.
34 When he killed them, they 35sought him; they repented and sought God earnestly.
35 They remembered that God was their 36rock, the Most High God their 37redeemer.
36 But they 38flattered him with their mouths; they 39lied to him with their tongues.
37 Their 40heart was not 41steadfast toward him; they were not faithful to his covenant.
38 Yet he, being 42compassionate, 43atoned for their iniquity and did not destroy them; he restrained his anger often and did not stir up all his wrath.
39 He 44remembered that they were but 45flesh, 46a wind that passes and comes not again.
40 How often they 47rebelled against him in the wilderness and 48grieved him in 49the desert!
41 They 50tested God again and again and provoked 51the Holy One of Israel.
42 They 52did not remember his power[c] or the day when he redeemed them from the foe,
43 53when he performed his 54signs in Egypt and his 55marvels in 56the fields of Zoan.
44 He 57turned their rivers to blood, so that they could not drink of their streams.
45 He sent among them swarms of 58flies, which devoured them, and 59frogs, which destroyed them.
46 He gave their crops to 60the destroying locust and the fruit of their labor to the locust.
47 He destroyed their vines with 61hail and their sycamores with frost.
48 He gave over their 62cattle to the hail and their flocks to thunderbolts.
49 He let loose on them his burning anger, wrath, indignation, and distress, a company of 63destroying angels.
50 He made a path for his anger; he did not spare them from death, but gave their lives over to the plague.
51 He struck down every 64firstborn in Egypt, the firstfruits of their strength in the tents of 65Ham.
52 Then he led out his people 66like sheep and guided them in the wilderness like a flock.
53 67He led them in safety, so that they 68were not afraid, but 69the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
54 And he brought them to his 70holy land, 71to the mountain which his right hand had 72won.
55 He 73drove out nations before them; he 74apportioned them for a possession and settled the tribes of Israel in their tents.
56 Yet they 75tested and 76rebelled against the Most High God and did not keep his testimonies,
57 but turned away and acted treacherously like their fathers; they twisted like 77a deceitful bow.

Psalms 78:11-57 Meaning and Commentary

Maschil of Asaph. Or for "Asaph" {f}; a doctrinal and "instructive" psalm, as the word "Maschil" signifies; see Psalm 32:1, which was delivered to Asaph to be sung; the Targum is, "the understanding of the Holy Spirit by the hands of Asaph." Some think David was the penman of it; but from the latter part of it, in which mention is made of him, and of his government of the people of Israel, it looks as if it was wrote by another, and after his death, though not long after, since the account is carried on no further than his times; and therefore it is probable enough it was written by Asaph, the chief singer, that lived in that age: whoever was the penman of it, it is certain he was a prophet, and so was Asaph, who is called a seer, the same with a prophet, and who is said to prophesy, 2 Chronicles 29:30 and also that he represented Christ; for that the Messiah is the person that is introduced speaking in this psalm is clear from Matthew 13:34 and the whole may be considered as a discourse of his to the Jews of his time; giving them an history of the Israelites from their first coming out of Egypt to the times of David, and in it an account of the various benefits bestowed upon them, of their great ingratitude, and of the divine resentment; the design of which is to admonish and caution them against committing the like sins, lest they should be rejected of God, as their fathers were, and perish: some Jewish writers, as Arama observes, interpret this psalm of the children of Ephraim going out of Egypt before the time appointed.

Cross References 77

  • 1. See Psalms 106:13
  • 2. ver. 4
  • 3. ver. 43; See Ex. 7-12; Psalms 72:18
  • 4. ver. 43; Numbers 13:22; Isaiah 19:11, 13; Ezekiel 30:14
  • 5. Psalms 136:13; Exodus 14:21
  • 6. Exodus 15:8
  • 7. See Psalms 105:39
  • 8. ver. 20; Psalms 105:41; Psalms 114:8; Exodus 17:6; Isaiah 48:21
  • 9. Num. 20:8, 10, 11
  • 10. ver. 40, 56; Deuteronomy 9:22; Isaiah 63:10
  • 11. ver. 41, 56; Psalms 95:9; Psalms 106:14; Deuteronomy 6:16; 1 Corinthians 10:9
  • 12. [Exodus 16:3; Numbers 11:4; Numbers 20:3; Numbers 21:5]
  • 13. See Psalms 23:5
  • 14. ver. 15, 16
  • 15. Numbers 11:1
  • 16. ver. 8, 32, 37
  • 17. Genesis 7:11; [Malachi 3:10]
  • 18. Exodus 16:4
  • 19. Psalms 105:40; [John 6:31]
  • 20. Psalms 103:20
  • 21. [ver. 29]
  • 22. Numbers 11:31
  • 23. [Genesis 13:16]
  • 24. [Genesis 22:17]
  • 25. Exodus 16:13; Numbers 11:31
  • 26. Numbers 11:19, 20
  • 27. Numbers 11:4, 34
  • 28. Numbers 11:33; [Job 20:23]
  • 29. Isaiah 10:16
  • 30. ver. 63
  • 31. See Numbers 14; Numbers 16; Numbers 17
  • 32. ver. 22; Numbers 14:11
  • 33. Numbers 14:29, 35; Numbers 26:64, 65
  • 34. Psalms 39:5
  • 35. Hosea 5:15
  • 36. Deut. 32:4, 15, 31
  • 37. Exodus 15:13; See Psalms 74:2
  • 38. Isaiah 29:13; Ezekiel 33:31
  • 39. Isaiah 57:11
  • 40. ver. 8
  • 41. Psalms 51:10
  • 42. Exodus 34:6
  • 43. Numbers 14:20
  • 44. [Psalms 103:14; Job 10:9]
  • 45. Genesis 6:3
  • 46. Job 7:7
  • 47. ver. 17, 56; Psalms 107:11
  • 48. [Ephesians 4:30]
  • 49. Psalms 106:14
  • 50. See ver. 18
  • 51. See Psalms 71:22
  • 52. Judges 8:34
  • 53. For ver. 43-51, see Psalms 105:27-36
  • 54. Exodus 7:3; [Psalms 106:22]; Acts 7:36
  • 55. Exodus 4:21; Exodus 11:9, 10
  • 56. See ver. 12
  • 57. See Exodus 7:17-24
  • 58. See Exodus 8:21-24
  • 59. See Exodus 8:2-14
  • 60. See Exodus 10:12-15
  • 61. See Exodus 9:23-25
  • 62. See Exodus 9:19-21
  • 63. Exodus 12:13, 23; [2 Samuel 24:16]
  • 64. Exodus 12:29; [Psalms 105:36; Psalms 135:8; Psalms 136:10]
  • 65. Psalms 105:23, 27; Psalms 106:22
  • 66. See Psalms 77:20
  • 67. [Exodus 14:19, 20]
  • 68. [Exodus 14:13]
  • 69. Exodus 14:27, 28; Exodus 15:10
  • 70. Exodus 15:17
  • 71. Isaiah 11:9; Isaiah 57:13; [Psalms 68:16]
  • 72. Psalms 74:2
  • 73. See Psalms 44:2
  • 74. Joshua 23:4; [Psalms 135:12; Psalms 136:21, 22; Acts 13:19]
  • 75. ver. 18; Judges 2:11, 12
  • 76. ver. 40
  • 77. Hosea 7:16; [ver. 9]

Footnotes 3

The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.