1 Peter 4:3

Past (parelhluqw). Perfect active participle of the compound verb parercomai, old verb, to go by (beside) as in Matthew 14:15 with wra (hour). May suffice (arketo). No copula in the Greek, probably estin (is) rather than dunatai (can). Late and rare verbal adjective from arkew, to suffice, in the papyri several times, in N.T. only here and Matthew 6:34 ; Matthew 10:25 , apparently referring to Christ's words in Matthew 6:34 (possibly an axiom or proverb). To have wrought (kateirgasqai). Perfect middle infinitive of katergazomai, common compound (kata, ergon work) as in 1 Corinthians 5:3 . The desire (to boulhma). Correct text, not qelhma. Either means the thing desired, willed. Jews sometimes fell in with the ways of Gentiles ( Romans 2:21-24 ; Romans 3:9-18 ; Ephesians 2:1-3 ) as today some Christians copy the ways of the world. And to have walked (peporeumenou). Perfect middle participle of poreuomai in the accusative plural of general reference with the infinitive kateirgasqai. Literally, "having walked or gone." In lasciviousness (en aselgeiai). All these sins are in the locative case with en. "In unbridled lustful excesses" ( 2 Peter 2:7 ; 2 Corinthians 12:21 ). Lusts (epiqumiai). Cf. 1 Peter 2:11 ; 1 Peter 4:2 . Winebibbings (oinoplugiai). Old compound (oino, wine, pluw, to bubble up), for drunkenness, here only in N.T. (also in Deuteronomy 21:20 ). Revellings (komoi). Old word (from keimai, to lie down), rioting drinking parties, in N.T. here and Galatians 5:21 ; Romans 13:13 . Carousings (potoi). Old word for drinking carousal (from pinw, to drink), here only in the N.T. In the light of these words it seems strange to find modern Christians justifying their "personal liberty" to drink and carouse, to say nothing of the prohibition law. The Greeks actually carried lust and drunkenness into their religious observances (Aphrodite, for instance). Abominable idolatries (aqemitoi eidwlolatriai). To the Christian all "idolatry," (eidwlon, latreia), worship of idols, is "abominable," not allowed (alpha privative and qemito, qemisto the old form, verbal of qemizw, to make lawful), but particularly those associated with drinking and licentiousness. The only other N.T. example of aqemito is by Peter also ( Acts 10:28 ) and about the Mosaic law. That may be the idea here, for Jews often fell into idolatrous practices (Deissmann, Bible Studies, p. 274).