Hebräer 7

1 Denn dieser Melchisedek, König von Salem, Priester Gottes, des Höchsten, der Abraham entgegenging, als er von der Schlacht der Könige zurückkehrte, und ihn segnete,

2 welchem auch Abraham den Zehnten zuteilte von allem; der erstlich verdolmetscht König der Gerechtigkeit heißt, sodann aber auch König von Salem, das ist König des Friedens,

3 ohne Vater, ohne Mutter, ohne Geschlechtsregister, weder Anfang der Tage noch Ende des Lebens habend, aber dem Sohne Gottes verglichen, bleibt Priester auf immerdar.

4 Schauet aber, wie groß dieser war, welchem selbst Abraham, der Patriarch, den Zehnten von der Beute gab.

5 Und zwar haben die von den Söhnen Levi, welche das Priestertum empfangen, ein Gebot, den Zehnten von dem Volke zu nehmen nach dem Gesetz, das ist von ihren Brüdern, wiewohl sie aus den Lenden Abrahams gekommen sind.

6 Er aber, der sein Geschlecht nicht von ihnen ableitete, hat den Zehnten von Abraham genommen und den gesegnet, der die Verheißungen hatte.

7 Ohne allen Widerspruch aber wird das Geringere von dem Besseren gesegnet.

8 Und hier zwar empfangen Menschen, welche sterben, die Zehnten, dort aber einer, von welchem bezeugt wird, daß er lebe;

9 und sozusagen ist durch Abraham auch Levi, der die Zehnten empfängt, gezehntet worden,

10 denn er war noch in der Lende des Vaters, als Melchisedek ihm entgegenging.

11 Wenn nun die Vollkommenheit durch das levitische Priestertum wäre (denn in Verbindung mit demselben hat das Volk das Gesetz empfangen), welches Bedürfnis war noch vorhanden, daß ein anderer Priester nach der Ordnung Melchisedeks aufstehe, und nicht nach der Ordnung Aarons genannt werde?

12 Denn wenn das Priestertum geändert wird, so findet notwendig auch eine Änderung des Gesetzes statt.

13 Denn der, von welchem dies gesagt wird, gehört zu einem anderen Stamme, aus welchem niemand des Altars gewartet hat.

14 Denn es ist offenbar, daß unser Herr aus Juda entsprossen ist, zu welchem Stamme Moses nichts in Bezug auf Priester geredet hat.

15 Und es ist noch weit augenscheinlicher, wenn, nach der Gleichheit Melchisedeks, ein anderer Priester aufsteht,

16 der es nicht nach dem Gesetz eines fleischlichen Gebots geworden ist, sondern nach der Kraft eines unauflöslichen Lebens.

17 Denn ihm wird bezeugt: "Du bist Priester in Ewigkeit nach der Ordnung Melchisedeks".

18 Denn da ist eine Abschaffung des vorhergehenden Gebots seiner Schwachheit und Nutzlosigkeit wegen

19 (denn das Gesetz hat nichts zur Vollendung gebracht) und die Einführung einer besseren Hoffnung, durch welche wir Gott nahen.

20 Und inwiefern dies nicht ohne Eidschwur geschah,

21 (denn jene sind ohne Eidschwur Priester geworden, dieser aber mit Eidschwur durch den, der zu ihm sprach: "Der Herr hat geschworen, und es wird ihn nicht gereuen: Du bist Priester in Ewigkeit nach der Ordnung Melchisedeks "),

22 insofern ist Jesus eines besseren Bundes Bürge geworden.

23 Und jener sind mehrere Priester geworden, weil sie durch den Tod verhindert waren zu bleiben;

24 dieser aber, weil er in Ewigkeit bleibt, hat ein unveränderliches Priestertum.

25 Daher vermag er auch völlig zu erretten, die durch ihn Gott nahen, indem er immerdar lebt, um sich für sie zu verwenden.

26 Denn ein solcher Hoherpriester geziemte uns: heilig, unschuldig, unbefleckt, abgesondert von den Sündern und höher als die Himmel geworden,

27 der nicht Tag für Tag nötig hat, wie die Hohenpriester, zuerst für die eigenen Sünden Schlachtopfer darzubringen, sodann für die des Volkes; denn dieses hat er ein für allemal getan, als er sich selbst geopfert hat.

28 Denn das Gesetz bestellt Menschen zu Hohenpriestern, die Schwachheit haben; das Wort des Eidschwurs aber, der nach dem Gesetz gekommen ist, einen Sohn, vollendet in Ewigkeit.

Hebräer 7 Commentary

Chapter 7

A comparison between the priesthood of Melchizedec and that of Christ. (1-3) The excellence of Christ's priesthood above the Levitical priesthood is shown. (4-10) This is applied to Christ. (11-25) The faith and hope of the church encouraged from this. (26-28)

Verses 1-3 Melchizedec met Abraham when returning from the rescue of Lot. His name, "King of Righteousness," doubtless suitable to his character, marked him as a type of the Messiah and his kingdom. The name of his city signified "Peace;" and as king of peace he typified Christ, the Prince of Peace, the great Reconciler of God and man. Nothing is recorded as to the beginning or end of his life; thus he typically resembled the Son of God, whose existence is from everlasting to everlasting, who had no one that was before him, and will have no one come after him, in his priesthood. Every part of Scripture honours the great King of Righteousness and Peace, our glorious High Priest and Saviour; and the more we examine it, the more we shall be convinced, that the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.

Verses 4-10 That High Priest who should afterward appear, of whom Melchizedec was a type, must be much superior to the Levitical priests. Observe Abraham's great dignity and happiness; that he had the promises. That man is rich and happy indeed, who has the promises, both of the life that now is, and of that which is to come. This honour have all those who receive the Lord Jesus. Let us go forth in our spiritual conflicts, trusting in his word and strength, ascribing our victories to his grace, and desiring to be met and blessed by him in all our ways.

Verses 11-25 The priesthood and law by which perfection could not come, are done away; a Priest is risen, and a dispensation now set up, by which true believers may be made perfect. That there is such a change is plain. The law which made the Levitical priesthood, showed that the priests were frail, dying creatures, not able to save their own lives, much less could they save the souls of those who came to them. But the High Priest of our profession holds his office by the power of endless life in himself; not only to keep himself alive, but to give spiritual and eternal life to all who rely upon his sacrifice and intercession. The better covenant, of which Jesus was the Surety, is not here contrasted with the covenant of works, by which every transgressor is shut up under the curse. It is distinguished from the Sinai covenant with Israel, and the legal dispensation under which the church so long remained. The better covenant brought the church and every believer into clearer light, more perfect liberty, and more abundant privileges. In the order of Aaron there was a multitude of priests, of high priests one after another; but in the priesthood of Christ there is only one and the same. This is the believer's safety and happiness, that this everlasting High Priest is able to save to the uttermost, in all times, in all cases. Surely then it becomes us to desire a spirituality and holiness, as much beyond those of the Old Testament believers, as our advantages exceed theirs.

Verses 26-28 Observe the description of the personal holiness of Christ. He is free from all habits or principles of sin, not having the least disposition to it in his nature. No sin dwells in him, not the least sinful inclination, though such dwells in the best of Christians. He is harmless, free from all actual transgression; he did no violence, nor was there any deceit in his mouth. He is undefiled. It is hard to keep ourselves pure, so as not to partake the guilt of other men's sins. But none need be dismayed who come to God in the name of his beloved Son. Let them be assured that he will deliver them in the time of trial and suffering, in the time of prosperity, in the hour of death, and in the day of judgment.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO HEBREWS 7

The apostle having made mention of Melchizedek in the latter part of the preceding chapter, proceeds in this to give some account of him, and of the excellency of his priesthood, and to show that Christ is a priest of his order, and is superior to Aaron and his sons. He first declares what Melchizedek was, that he was both king and priest; he names the place he was king of, and tells whose priest he was, even the priest of the most high God; and goes on to observe what he did, that he met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, that he blessed him, and took tithes of him, Heb 7:1,2 and then interprets his name, and royal title, the one signifying king of righteousness, the other king of peace; that for anything that can be learned from the Scriptures, it is not known who was his father or his mother; what his lineage and descent; when he was born, or when he died; and that he is like to the Son of God, and continues a priest, Heb 7:2,3 upon which the apostle calls upon the Hebrews to consider the greatness of his person; and as it appears from that single instance of his receiving tithes from the patriarch Abraham, Heb 7:4 by which it is evident, that he is greater than the Levites; and which is demonstrated in the following particulars: the Levites received tithes of their brethren that came out of Abraham's loins, as they did, but Melchizedek, whose descent was not from them, received tithes from Abraham himself, and besides blessed him; and it is a clear case, that the lesser is blessed of the greater, Heb 7:5-7 the Levites were mortal men that received tithes, but a testimony is bore to Melchizedek, that he lives, Heb 6:8 yea, Levi himself paid tithes to Melchizedek, since he was in the loins of his father Abraham when Melchizedek met him, and took tithes of him; and therefore must be greater than Levi, Heb 7:9,10. And next the apostle proves the imperfection of the Levitical priesthood from this consideration, that there is another priest risen up, not of the order of Aaron, but of the order of Melchizedek, of which there would have been no need, if the Levitical priesthood had been perfect; nor would it have been changed, as it is, and which has also made a change of the law, by which it is established, necessary, Heb 7:11,12 that the priest that is risen up is not of the order of Aaron, is clear, because he is of another tribe, even of the tribe of Judah, to which the priesthood did not belong, Heb 7:13,14, and that he is of the order of Melchizedek, and so not according to the ceremonial law, but after the power of an endless life, is manifest from the testimony of the sacred Scripture, Heb 7:15-17 which lies in Ps 110:4 and that the ceremonial law, on which the Levitical priesthood stood, is changed and abrogated, is strongly asserted, and the reasons of it given, because it was weak and unprofitable, and made nothing perfect; and this was disannulled by Christ, the better hope brought in, who has made something perfect, and through whom we have access to God, Heb 7:18,19. Moreover, the superior excellency of Christ's priesthood to the Levitical one is shown in several particulars; the priests of Aaron's order were made without an oath; Christ was made with one, as is evident from the above cited testimony, Heb 7:20-22 they were many, he but one; they were mortal, and did not continue, he continues ever, having an unchangeable priesthood, Heb 7:23,24 wherefore, as they were not suffered to continue by reason of death, their priesthood was ineffectual; they could not take away sin, and save sinners; but Christ is able to save to the uttermost all that draw nigh to God by him, as a priest, and that because he ever lives to complete his office by intercession, Heb 7:25 wherefore such an high priest as he is, must become men, and be suitable to them, especially since he is pure and holy, and in such an exalted state, Heb 7:26 and this is another difference between him and the priests under the law; they were men that had infirmity, and were guilty of sins themselves, and so had need to offer for their own sins, and then for the sins of others; but Christ, the Son of God, who was consecrated a priest for evermore, by the word of the oath, had no sin of his own to offer sacrifice for, only the sins of his people, which he did once, when he offered himself, Heb 7:27,28.