Exode 13:13

13 Tu rachèteras avec un agneau tout premier-né de l'âne; et, si tu ne le rachètes pas, tu lui briseras la nuque. Tu rachèteras aussi tout premier-né de l'homme parmi tes fils.

Exode 13:13 Meaning and Commentary

Exodus 13:13

And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb,
&c.] Which was given to the priest for it; and according to the Jewish canon ^F6, it might be redeemed with that only;

``not with a calf, nor with an animal (a goat or a ram, as Bartenora interprets it), nor with a lamb slain, or torn to pieces.''

Jarchi thinks the ass only was to be redeemed, and not the firstling of any other unclean creature, but his reasons are insufficient; all unclean creatures, as horses, camels, dogs, swine are included in it, as should seem from ( Numbers 18:15 ) and this is the rather particularly mentioned, because there was a greater plenty of them than of horses and camels, and because they were very useful creatures; and if these were to be redeemed, then much more those of less value, and less useful. Hence might arise the story and calumny, as some have thought, of the Jews worshipping an ass's head: and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shall break its neck;
cut off its head on the back of the neck with a knife or cleaver, such as butchers use, as the Misnah ^F7, and its commentators, interpret it, so that the owner should have no profit by it: and all the firstborn of man amongst thy children shall thou redeem;
with the price of five shekels of the sanctuary, and within thirty days of the birth of it, ( Numbers 18:16 ) and these being to be redeemed as the unclean beasts were, shows that men are by nature unclean, and even the firstborn, whose names are written in heaven, the elect of God, and need redemption by the blood of the Lamb.

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FOOTNOTES:

F6 Misn. Becorot, sect. 1. sect. 5.
F7 lbid. sect. 7. Maimon & Bartenora in ib.

Exode 13:13 In-Context

11 Quand l'Eternel t'aura fait entrer dans le pays des Cananéens, comme il l'a juré à toi et à tes pères, et qu'il te l'aura donné,

12 tu consacreras à l'Eternel tout premier-né, même tout premier-né des animaux que tu auras: les mâles appartiennent à l'Eternel.

13 Tu rachèteras avec un agneau tout premier-né de l'âne; et, si tu ne le rachètes pas, tu lui briseras la nuque. Tu rachèteras aussi tout premier-né de l'homme parmi tes fils.

14 Et lorsque ton fils te demandera un jour: Que signifie cela? tu lui répondras: Par sa main puissante, l'Eternel nous a fait sortir d'Egypte, de la maison de servitude;

15 et, comme Pharaon s'obstinait à ne point nous laisser aller, l'Eternel fit mourir tous les premiers-nés dans le pays d'Egypte, depuis les premiers-nés des hommes jusqu'aux premiers-nés des animaux. Voilà pourquoi j'offre en sacrifice à l'Eternel tout premier-né des mâles, et je rachète tout premier-né de mes fils.