1 Samuel 16:1

Samuel Goes to Bethlehem

1 Now the LORD said to Samuel, "1How long will you grieve over Saul, since 2I have rejected him from being king over Israel? 3Fill your horn with oil and go; I will send you to 4Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have 5selected a king for Myself among his sons."

1 Samuel 16:1 Meaning and Commentary

1 Samuel 16:1

And the Lord said unto Samuel
In a vision or dream, or by an articulate voice: how long wilt thou mourn for Saul? he does not blame him for mourning, but for mourning so long; but how long that was cannot be said; and though his affection for him might cause him to indulge to it, yet it was in vain, seeing the sentence was irreversible:

seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel?
that is, his posterity; for he himself reigned as long as he lived, though in a very inglorious manner:

fill thine horn with oil;
with common oil; for that this was the holy anointing oil kept in the tabernacle, as the Jewish writers generally suppose, with which they say David and Solomon, and the kings of Judah, were anointed, there is no reason to believe; since the tabernacle, where this oil was, was at a distance from Samuel, and which seems to have been only for the anointing of the priests. This was not a phial he was bid to take, as when he anointed Saul; but an horn, denoting the abundance of gifts bestowed on David, and the firmness and duration of his kingdom:

and go, and I will send thee to Jesse the Bethlehemite;
the son of Obed, whom Boaz begat of Ruth the Moabitess, ( Ruth 4:21 Ruth 4:22 )

for I have provided me a king among his sons;
but which he says not; this was reserved for an later discovery; however God had in his own mind picked him, whom he would hereafter make known; this was a king for himself, raised up to fulfil his will; Saul was chosen by him, but then it was at the request of the people, and so he was rather their king than his; but this was not at their desire, nor with their knowledge, but of his own good will and pleasure; the one was given in wrath, and the other in love; the one was to the rejection of God as King, the other to the rejection of Saul by the will of God.

1 Samuel 16:1 In-Context

1 Now the LORD said to Samuel, "How long will you grieve over Saul, since I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go; I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have selected a king for Myself among his sons."
2 But Samuel said, "How can I go? When Saul hears of it, he will kill me." And the LORD said, "Take a heifer with you and say, 'I have come to sacrifice to the LORD .'
3 "You shall invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you shall do; and you shall anoint for Me the one whom I designate to you."
4 So Samuel did what the LORD said, and came to Bethlehem. And the elders of the city came trembling to meet him and said, "Do you come in peace?"
5 He said, "In peace; I have come to sacrifice to the LORD . Consecrate yourselves and come with me to the sacrifice." He also consecrated Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice.

Cross References 5

  • 1. 1 Samuel 15:35
  • 2. 1 Samuel 13:13, 14; 1 Samuel 15:23
  • 3. 1 Samuel 9:16; 1 Samuel 10:1; 2 Kings 9:1
  • 4. Ruth 4:17-22
  • 5. Psalms 78:70, 71; Acts 13:22
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