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1 Samuel 17:8-18

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8 He stood and shouted to the ranks of Israel and said to them, "Why do you come out to draw up in battle array? Am I not the Philistine and you 1servants of Saul? Choose a man for yourselves and let him come down to me.
9 "2If he is able to fight with me and kill me, then we will become your servants; but if I prevail against him and kill him, then you shall become our servants and serve us."
10 Again the Philistine said, "3I defy the ranks of Israel this day; give me a man that we may fight together."
11 When Saul and all Israel heard these words of the Philistine, they were dismayed and greatly afraid.
12 Now David was 4the son of the 5Ephrathite of Bethlehem in Judah, whose name was Jesse, and 6he had eight sons. And Jesse was old in the days of Saul, advanced in years among men.
13 The three older sons of Jesse had gone after Saul to the battle. And 7the names of his three sons who went to the battle were Eliab the firstborn, and the second to him Abinadab, and the third Shammah.
14 8David was the youngest. Now the three oldest followed * Saul,
15 9but David went * back and forth from Saul 10to tend his father's flock at Bethlehem.
16 The Philistine came forward morning and evening for forty days and took his stand.
17 Then Jesse said to David his son, "11Take now for your brothers an ephah of this roasted grain and these ten loaves and run to the camp to your brothers.
18 "12Bring also these ten cuts of cheese to the commander of their thousand, 13and look into the welfare of your brothers, and bring back news of them.
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1 Samuel 17:8-18 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 17

This chapter relates how the armies of Israel, and of the Philistines, prepared for battle, and where, 1Sa 17:1-3, describes a champion of the Philistines, who defied the armies of Israel, 1Sa 17:4-11, and while he was so doing, it informs us that David came into the camp, and he heard his words, and signified to one and another his inclination to fight with him, 1Sa 17:12-30, which being reported to Saul, David was sent for by him, and much discourse passed between them about it, 1Sa 17:31-37 when we are told the manner in which he engaged with the Philistine, and the victory he obtained over him, 1Sa 17:38-51 upon which the Philistines fled, and Israel pursued them; and on account of this action David was taken notice of by Saul, and brought to court again, as the following chapter shows, 1Sa 17:52-58.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 13

  • 1. 1 Samuel 8:17
  • 2. 2 Samuel 2:12-16
  • 3. 1 Sam 17:26, 36, 45; 2 Samuel 21:21
  • 4. Ruth 4:22; 1 Samuel 16:18
  • 5. Genesis 35:19
  • 6. 1 Samuel 16:10, 11; 1 Chronicles 2:13-15
  • 7. 1 Sam 16:6, 8, 9
  • 8. 1 Samuel 16:11
  • 9. 1 Samuel 16:21-23
  • 10. 1 Samuel 16:11, 19
  • 11. 1 Samuel 25:18
  • 12. 1 Samuel 16:20
  • 13. Genesis 37:13, 14

Footnotes 7

New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, California.  All rights reserved.