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Exodus 21:14-24

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14 "1If, however, a man acts presumptuously toward his neighbor, so as to kill him craftily, you are to take him even from My altar, that he may die.
15 "He who strikes his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
16 "2He who kidnaps a man, whether he sells him or he is found in his possession, shall surely be put to death.
17 "3He who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
18 "If men have a quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or with his fist, and he does not die but remains in bed,
19 if he gets up and walks around outside on his staff, then he who struck him shall go unpunished; he shall only pay for his loss of time, and shall take care of him until he is completely healed.
20 "If a man strikes his male or female slave * with a rod and he dies at his hand, he shall be punished.
21 "If, however, he survives a day or two, no vengeance shall be taken; 4for he is his property.
22 "If men struggle with each other and strike a woman with child so that she gives birth prematurely, yet there is no injury, he shall surely be fined as the woman's husband may demand of him, and he shall 5pay as the judges decide.
23 "But if there is any further injury, 6then you shall appoint as a penalty life for life,
24 7eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
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Exodus 21:14-24 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO EXODUS 21

In this, and the two following chapters, are delivered various laws and precepts, partly of a moral, and partly of a religious, but chiefly of a civil nature, respecting the commonwealth of Israel, and its political good. This chapter treats of servants, and laws relating to them; to menservants, how long they shall serve, and what is to be done to those who are desirous of staying with their masters after their time is up, Ex 21:1-6, to maidservants, and especially betrothed ones, either to a father or a son, Ex 21:7-11, likewise it contains laws concerning the slaughter of men, whether with design or unawares, Ex 21:12-14, and concerning the ill usage of parents, Ex 21:15,17, and man stealing, Ex 21:16 and of mischief that comes by men's quarrelling and fighting, Ex 21:18,19 and by smiting a man or maidservant, Ex 21:20,21,26,27, to a woman with child, that is, by means of men's striving and contending with each other, Ex 21:22-25 and of damages that come by oxen, or to them, Ex 21:28-36.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 7

  • 1. Deuteronomy 19:11, 12; 1 Kings 2:28-34
  • 2. Deuteronomy 24:7
  • 3. Leviticus 20:9; Proverbs 20:20; Matthew 15:4; Mark 7:10
  • 4. Leviticus 25:44-46
  • 5. Exodus 21:30; Deuteronomy 22:18, 19
  • 6. Leviticus 24:19; Deuteronomy 19:21
  • 7. Leviticus 24:20; Deuteronomy 19:21; Matthew 5:38

Footnotes 12

New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, California.  All rights reserved.