Numbers 31:3-13

3 Moses spoke to the people, saying, "Arm men from among you for the war, that they may go against Midian to execute 1the LORD'S vengeance on Midian.
4 "A thousand from each tribe of all the tribes of Israel you shall send to the war."
5 So there were furnished from the thousands of Israel, a thousand from each tribe, twelve * thousand armed for war.
6 Moses sent them, a thousand from each tribe, to the war, and Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest, to the war with them, 2and the holy vessels and 3the trumpets for the alarm in his hand.
7 So they made war against Midian, just as the LORD had commanded Moses, and 4they killed every male.
8 They killed the kings of Midian along with the rest of their slain: 5Evi and Rekem and 6Zur and Hur and Reba, the five kings of Midian; they also killed 7Balaam the son of Beor with the sword.
9 The sons of Israel captured the women of Midian and their little ones; and all their cattle and all their flocks and all their goods they plundered.
10 Then they burned all their cities where they lived and all their camps with fire.
11 8They took all the spoil and all the prey, both of man and of beast.
12 They brought the captives and the prey and the spoil to Moses, and to Eleazar the priest and to the congregation of the sons of Israel, to the camp at the plains of Moab, which are by the Jordan opposite Jericho.
13 Moses and Eleazar the priest and all the leaders of the congregation went out to meet them outside * * the camp.

Numbers 31:3-13 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 31

This chapter contains an order to make war upon Midian, which was accordingly done, Nu 31:1-12, but Moses was wroth, because they saved the women alive, who, through the counsel of Balaam, had been the cause of sin, and of the plague for it in Israel, and therefore orders them, and the male children, to be slain, Nu 31:13-18, and then directs to the purification of the soldiers, their captives and spoil, Nu 31:19-24, and by the command of God an account is taken of the prey, and a division of it made between the soldiers and the congregation, and out of each part a tribute is levied for the Lord, Nu 31:25-31 and the sum of the whole booty is given, Nu 31:32-35 and of the part which belonged to the soldiers, and of the tribute given to the Lord, Nu 31:36-41 and of the part which belonged to the children of Israel, Nu 31:42-47 and besides the above tribute to the Lord, the officers made a voluntary oblation out of their spoil, both by way of gratitude for sparing their lives, and to make atonement for their souls, Nu 31:48-54.

Cross References 8

  • 1. Leviticus 26:25
  • 2. Numbers 14:44
  • 3. Numbers 10:8, 9
  • 4. Deuteronomy 20:13; Judges 21:11; 1 Kings 11:15, 16
  • 5. Joshua 13:21
  • 6. Numbers 25:15
  • 7. Numbers 31:16; Joshua 13:22
  • 8. Deuteronomy 20:14

Footnotes 2

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