Esdras 1

1 Ciro permite el regreso de los desterrados
En el primer año de Ciro, rey de Persia,
el Señor
cumplió la profecía que había dado por medio de Jeremías.
Movió el corazón de Ciro a poner por escrito el siguiente edicto y enviarlo a todo el reino:

2 «Esto dice Ciro, rey de Persia:
“El Señor
, Dios del cielo, me ha dado todos los reinos de la tierra. Me encargó construirle un templo en Jerusalén, que está en Judá.

3 Cualquiera que pertenezca a su pueblo puede ir a Jerusalén de Judá para reconstruir el templo del Señor
, Dios de Israel, quien vive en Jerusalén, ¡y que su Dios esté con ustedes!

4 En el lugar que se encuentre este remanente judío, que sus vecinos los ayuden con los gastos, dándoles plata y oro, provisiones para el viaje y animales, como también una ofrenda voluntaria para el templo de Dios en Jerusalén”».

5 Luego Dios movió el corazón de los sacerdotes, de los levitas y de los jefes de las tribus de Judá y de Benjamín, para que fueran a Jerusalén a reconstruir el templo del Señor
.

6 Todos los vecinos colaboraron, dándoles objetos de plata y de oro, provisiones para el viaje y animales. Les dieron muchos regalos valiosos además de todas las ofrendas voluntarias.

7 El propio rey Ciro sacó los objetos que el rey Nabucodonosor se había llevado del templo del Señor
en Jerusalén y había colocado en el templo de sus dioses.

8 Ciro le ordenó a Mitrídates, el tesorero de Persia, que contara esos artículos y se los entregara a Sesbasar, el líder de los desterrados que regresaban a Judá.

9 La siguiente es una lista de los artículos que se devolvieron:
tazones de oro
30
tazones de plata
1000
recipientes de plata para quemar incienso
29

10 copas de oro
30
copas de plata
410
otros artículos
1000

11 En total eran cinco mil cuatrocientos artículos de oro y de plata. Sesbasar los llevó todos consigo cuando los desterrados se fueron de Babilonia hacia Jerusalén.

Esdras 1 Commentary

Chapter 1

The history of this book is the accomplishment of Jeremiah's prophecy concerning the return of the Jews out of Babylon. From its contents we especially learn, that every good work will meet with opposition from enemies, and be hurt by the misconduct of friends; but that God will make his cause to prevail, notwithstanding all obstacles and adversaries. The restoration of the Jews was an event of the highest consequence, tending to preserve religion in the world, and preparing the way for the appearance of the Great Deliverer, the Lord Jesus Christ.

The proclamation of Cyrus for the rebuilding of the temple. (1-4) The people provide for their return. (5-11)

Verses 1-4 The Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus. The hearts of kings are in the hand of the Lord. God governs the world by his influence on the spirits of men; whatever good they do, God stirs up their spirits to do it. It was during the captivity of the Jews, that God principally employed them as the means of calling the attention of the heathen to him. Cyrus took it for granted, that those among the Jews who were able, would offer free-will offerings for the house of God. He would also have them supplied out of his kingdom. Well-wishers to the temple should be well-doers for it.

Verses 5-11 The same God that raised up the spirit of Cyrus to proclaim liberty to the Jews, raised up their spirits to take the benefit. The temptation was to some to stay in Babylon; but some feared not to return, and they were those whose spirits God raised, by his Spirit and grace. Whatever good we do, is owing to the grace of God. Our spirits naturally bow down to this earth and the things of it; if they move upward in any good affections or good actions, it is God who raises them. The calls and offers of the gospel are like the proclamation of Cyrus. Those bound under the power of sin, may be made free by Jesus Christ. Whosoever will, by repentance and faith, return to God, Jesus Christ has opened the way for him, and raises him out of the slavery of sin into the glorious liberty of the children of God. Many that hear this joyful sound, choose to sit still in Babylon, are in love with their sins, and will not venture upon a holy life; but some break through all discouragements, whatever it cost them; they are those whose spirit God has raised above the world and the flesh, whom he has made willing. Thus will the heavenly Canaan be filled, though many perish in Babylon; and the gospel offer will not have been made in vain. The bringing back the Jews from captivity, represents the redemption of sinners by Jesus Christ.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK OF EZRA

This book, in the Vulgate Latin and Arabic versions, is called the "First" Book of Ezra, Nehemiah being reckoned the "second"; but with the Jews both were accounted but one book {a}; in the Syriac version, it is called the Writing or Book of Ezra the Prophet; and this title is given him, both by Jews {b} and Christians {c}; in the Arabic version, it is called the First Book of Ezra the Priest, skilful in the Law; and that he was a priest is clear, since he was the son of Seraiah the high priest, who was slain by Nebuchadnezzar, and the younger brother of Josedech, who succeeded his father as high priest, and uncle to Joshua that succeeded him; and he was also a ready scribe in the law of Moses, see Ezr 7:1,6,10-12. That Ezra was the writer of this book is believed by the Jews {d}, and by the generality of Christians; only Huetius {e} thinks that the six first chapters were written by another hand, but his reasons are not satisfactory; and it has been universally received as canonical by all; it agrees with the prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah, and serves to illustrate them; it is of use for the continuation of the sacred history, to point at the fulfilment of prophecies concerning the return of the Jews from captivity, and the rebuilding of the temple; and to give us an account of the state of the church in those times, the troubles and difficulties it met with, and what care was taken to keep the tribes and families distinct, that it might be known from whom the Messiah sprung; this book contains an history of seventy years, according to the calculation of Bishop Usher {f}, from A. M. 3468, to A. M. 3538.

{a} Origen apud Euseb. Hist. Eccl. l. 6. c. 25. Hieron. Opera, tom. 3. Epist. ad Paulin. fol. 6. B. & ad Domnion. & Rogat. fol. 7. G. {b} Seder Olam Zuta, p. 108. {c} Lactant. Institut. l. 4. c. 11. {d} T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 15. 1. {e} Demonstr. Evangel. prop. 4. p. 208, 209. {f} Annal. Vet. Test. p. 146, 193.

\\INTRODUCTION TO EZRA 1\\

This chapter informs us of the proclamation of Cyrus king of Persia, for the Jews to return to their own country, and rebuild their temple, Ezr 1:1-4, and that, upon it, the chief of them rose up for that purpose, whose hands were strengthened and supplied by those about them, Ezr 1:5,6 and particularly by Cyrus, who gave orders that the vessels belonging to the temple should be delivered to them, Ezr 1:7-11.