2 Corinzi 12

1 Bisogna gloriarmi: non è cosa giovevole, ma pure, verrò alle visioni e alle rivelazioni del Signore.

2 Io conosco un uomo in Cristo, che quattordici anni fa (se fu col corpo non so, né so se fu senza il corpo; Iddio lo sa), fu rapito fino al terzo cielo.

3 E so che quel tale (se fu col corpo o senza il corpo non so;

4 Iddio lo sa) fu rapito in paradiso, e udì parole ineffabili che non è lecito all’uomo di proferire.

5 Di quel tale io mi glorierò; ma di me stesso non mi glorierò se non nelle mie debolezze.

6 Che se pur volessi gloriarmi, non sarei un pazzo, perché direi la verità; ma me ne astengo, perché nessuno mi stimi al di là di quel che mi vede essere, ovvero ode da me.

7 E perché io non avessi ad insuperbire a motivo della eccellenza delle rivelazioni, m’è stata messa una scheggia nella carne, un angelo di Satana, per schiaffeggiarmi ond’io non insuperbisca.

8 Tre volte ho pregato il Signore perché l’allontanasse da me;

9 ed egli mi ha detto: La mia grazia ti basta, perché la mia potenza si dimostra perfetta nella debolezza. Perciò molto volentieri mi glorierò piuttosto delle mie debolezze, onde la potenza di Cristo riposi su me.

10 Per questo io mi compiaccio in debolezze, in ingiurie, in necessità, in persecuzioni, in angustie per amor di Cristo; perché, quando son debole, allora sono forte.

11 Son diventato pazzo; siete voi che mi ci avete costretto; poiché io avrei dovuto esser da voi raccomandato; perché in nulla sono stato da meno di cotesti sommi apostoli, benché io non sia nulla.

12 Certo, i segni dell’apostolo sono stati manifestati in atto fra voi nella perseveranza a tutta prova, nei miracoli, nei prodigi ed opere potenti.

13 In che siete voi stati da meno delle altre chiese se non nel fatto che io stesso non vi sono stato d’aggravio? Perdonatemi questo torto.

14 Ecco, questa è la terza volta che son pronto a recarmi da voi; e non vi sarò d’aggravio, poiché io non cerco i vostri beni, ma voi; perché non sono i figliuoli che debbono far tesoro per i genitori, ma i genitori per i figliuoli.

15 E io molto volentieri spenderò e sarò speso per le anime vostre. Se io v’amo tanto, devo esser da voi amato meno?

16 Ma sia pure così, ch’io non vi sia stato d’aggravio; ma, forse, da uomo astuto, v’ho presi con inganno.

17 Mi son io approfittato di voi per mezzo di qualcuno di quelli ch’io v’ho mandato?

18 Ho pregato Tito di venire da voi, e ho mandato quell’altro fratello con lui. Tito si è forse approfittato di voi? Non abbiam noi camminato col medesimo spirito e seguito le medesime orme?

19 Da tempo voi v’immaginate che noi ci difendiamo dinanzi a voi. Egli è nel cospetto di Dio, in Cristo, che noi parliamo; e tutto questo, diletti, per la vostra edificazione.

20 Poiché io temo, quando verrò, di trovarvi non quali vorrei, e d’essere io stesso da voi trovato quale non mi vorreste; temo che vi siano tra voi contese, gelosie, ire, rivalità, maldicenze, insinuazioni, superbie, tumulti;

21 e che al mio arrivo l’Iddio mio abbia di nuovo ad umiliarmi dinanzi a voi, ed io abbia a pianger molti di quelli che hanno per lo innanzi peccato, e non si sono ravveduti della impurità, della fornicazione e della dissolutezza a cui si erano dati.

2 Corinzi 12 Commentary

Chapter 12

The apostle's revelations. (1-6) Which were improved to his spiritual advantage. (7-10) The signs of an apostle were in him, His purpose of making them a visit; but he expresses his fear lest he should have to be severe with some. (11-21)

Verses 1-6 There can be no doubt the apostle speaks of himself. Whether heavenly things were brought down to him, while his body was in a trance, as in the case of ancient prophets; or whether his soul was dislodged from the body for a time, and taken up into heaven, or whether he was taken up, body and soul together, he knew not. We are not capable, nor is it fit we should yet know, the particulars of that glorious place and state. He did not attempt to publish to the world what he had heard there, but he set forth the doctrine of Christ. On that foundation the church is built, and on that we must build our faith and hope. And while this teaches us to enlarge our expectations of the glory that shall be revealed, it should render us contented with the usual methods of learning the truth and will of God.

Verses 7-10 The apostle gives an account of the method God took to keep him humble, and to prevent his being lifted up above measure, on account of the visions and revelations he had. We are not told what this thorn in the flesh was, whether some great trouble, or some great temptation. But God often brings this good out of evil, that the reproaches of our enemies help to hide pride from us. If God loves us, he will keep us from being exalted above measure; and spiritual burdens are ordered to cure spiritual pride. This thorn in the flesh is said to be a messenger of Satan which he sent for evil; but God designed it, and overruled it for good. Prayer is a salve for every sore, a remedy for every malady; and when we are afflicted with thorns in the flesh, we should give ourselves to prayer. If an answer be not given to the first prayer, nor to the second, we are to continue praying. Troubles are sent to teach us to pray; and are continued, to teach us to continue instant in prayer. Though God accepts the prayer of faith, yet he does not always give what is asked for: as he sometimes grants in wrath, so he sometimes denies in love. When God does not take away our troubles and temptations, yet, if he gives grace enough for us, we have no reason to complain. Grace signifies the good-will of God towards us, and that is enough to enlighten and enliven us, sufficient to strengthen and comfort in all afflictions and distresses. His strength is made perfect in our weakness. Thus his grace is manifested and magnified. When we are weak in ourselves, then we are strong in the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ; when we feel that we are weak in ourselves, then we go to Christ, receive strength from him, and enjoy most the supplies of Divine strength and grace.

Verses 11-21 We owe it to good men, to stand up in the defence of their reputation; and we are under special obligations to those from whom we have received benefit, especially spiritual benefit, to own them as instruments in God's hand of good to us. Here is an account of the apostle's behaviour and kind intentions; in which see the character of a faithful minister of the gospel. This was his great aim and design, to do good. Here are noticed several sins commonly found among professors of religion. Falls and misdeeds are humbling to a minister; and God sometimes takes this way to humble those who might be tempted to be lifted up. These vast verses show to what excesses the false teachers had drawn aside their deluded followers. How grievous it is that such evils should be found among professors of the gospel! Yet thus it is, and has been too often, and it was so even in the days of the apostles.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO 2 CORTHINIANS 12

The apostle in this chapter proceeds upon the same subject, in vindicating himself against the false teachers, and giving proof of his apostleship; he takes notice of a very remarkable and unusual vision he was favoured with; makes mention of an uncommon temptation of Satan, how he was delivered from it, and the use it was of to him; excuses his boasting to the Corinthians; lays the blame of it upon them who obliged him to do it, though they had such undeniable proofs of his apostleship among them; signifies he intended to come and see them, and expresses his strong affection for them, and good will towards them; removes the calumnies of covetousness, guile, and craftiness; reproves them for their sins, and threatens them in case of impenitence. Though in some respects glorying was not so convenient, and quite disagreeable to the apostle himself, yet such were his circumstances, that it was become necessary for him to do it, and therefore goes on with it; and to his character, qualifications, labours, sufferings, and deliverances, adds the visions and revelations of the Lord he had been honoured with, 2Co 12:1 and singles out a very particular one, which he describes by the time when, about fourteen years ago; by the person who saw it, himself, whom he speaks of in the third person, that there might be as little appearance of boasting as possible; by the place where it was seen, the third heaven, into which he was caught; by the form or manner of the vision, or the circumstance and condition in which he was when he saw it, of which he could give no account; as whether in or out of the body, 2Co 12:2, which last circumstance is repeated to denote the certainty of it, and his ignorance as to this part of it; for the truth of which he appeals to God, 2Co 12:3, and affirms again, that such an one as he had described was caught up to paradise; by which he explains what he meant by the third heaven, and further declares, that being there he heard words unutterable, 2Co 12:4. Now though this vision was matter of glorying, yet since he was the person that was so highly honoured with it, he would not dwell any longer on it, but rather speak of his infirmities, as he afterwards does, 2Co 12:5, yet if he had shown a design of boasting, it would not have been acting a foolish part; however, he thought it best to forbear, lest it should lead any into too high an opinion of him, 2Co 12:6, and indeed, these high enjoyments were apt to fill himself with pride and vanity, wherefore God, in his infinite wisdom, thought fit to take some methods to humble him; which leads him to give an account of a sore temptation that befell him, which was grievous to him, and in which he was buffeted by Satan; the end of which was to keep down his pride, and hide it from him, 2Co 12:7. The use this was of to him, and how he behaved under it, and the request he made to the Lord to be freed from it, are declared in 2Co 12:8, to which he received an answer, which was full and satisfactory, gave him pleasure, and determined him to glory in his infirmities, 2Co 12:9, which he does in 2Co 12:10, and gives an enumeration of them, and his reason for glorying in them: and whereas he knew he should be chargeable with folly, in glorying in other things as he had done, he blames the Corinthians for it, who had obliged him to it; for had they engaged as they should have done in the vindication and commendation of him, there would have been no need of his own; and they were furnished with matter and arguments enough for such a purpose, since it must have been a plain case to them that he was not inferior to the chief of the apostles, 2Co 12:11, of which they had a full demonstration, partly by the signs, wonders, and mighty deeds which were done in the midst of them by him, 2Co 12:12, and partly by the gifts of grace bestowed on them through his ministry, on account of which they did not come short of any other churches; unless it was in this, that they had the Gospel preached without charge unto them, 2Co 12:13, the apostle goes on to acquaint them that he had a third time intended to come and see them, when he would be no more burdensome and chargeable to them than he had been before; have no regard to theirs but to them, acting the part of a father that lays up for his children, but takes nothing from them, 2Co 12:14, and expresses his strong affection for them, even though they should show but little to him, and his earnest desire to be serviceable to them, and the pleasure he should take therein, 2Co 12:15, and whereas it was suggested by the false teachers, that though he did not take money of them in person, he had used some underhand crafty methods by the means of others to drain them of it, 2Co 12:16, he replies and vindicates his innocence, by putting the question to them in general; whether he had made any gain by any persons he had sent to them, 2Co 12:17, and particularly inasmuch as he had sent Titus and another brother, whether he had made any gain of them, and whether the apostle and he were not of the same spirit; and whether they did not take the same steps, 2Co 12:18, and then observes, that all the pains that he took in the vindication of himself, was not so much on his own account as theirs, even for their edification, that that might not be hindered, for whom he had the most endeared affection: and for the truth of all this he appeals to God, 2Co 12:19, and closes this chapter with observing the many evils which were among them, which he feared he should find among them, when he came, unrepented of; and which would be matter of grief and humiliation to him, and oblige him to use that severity among them which would not be agreeable to them, 2Co 12:20.