Exodus 1:13

13 So they made the people of Israel serve with rigor,

Exodus 1:13 Meaning and Commentary

Exodus 1:13

And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve
with rigour.
Or with breach ^F3, with what might tend to break their strength; they laid heavier burdens upon them, obliged them to harder service, used them more cruelly and with greater fierceness, adding to their hard service ill words, and perhaps blows.

---

FOOTNOTES:

F3 (Krpb) "in fractione", Cajetan. apud Rivet.

Exodus 1:13 In-Context

11 Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with heavy burdens; and they built for Pharaoh store-cities, Pithom and Ra-am'ses.

12 But the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and the more they spread abroad. And the Egyptians were in dread of the people of Israel.

13 So they made the people of Israel serve with rigor,

14 and made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and brick, and in all kinds of work in the field; in all their work they made them serve with rigor.

15 Then the king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives, one of whom was named Shiph'rah and the other Pu'ah,