Deuteronomy 33:6-25

6 1"Let Reuben live, and not die, but let his men be few."
7 And this he said of Judah: "Hear, O LORD, the voice of Judah, and bring him in to his people. With your hands contend[a] for him, and be a help against his adversaries."
8 And 2of Levi he said, "Give to Levi[b]3 your Thummim, and your Urim to your godly one, 4whom you tested at Massah, with whom you quarreled at the waters of Meribah;
9 who said of his father and mother, 'I regard them not'; 5he disowned his brothers and ignored his children. For 6they observed your word and kept your covenant.
10 7They shall teach Jacob your rules and Israel your law; 8they shall put incense before you and 9whole burnt offerings on your altar.
11 Bless, O LORD, his substance, and 10accept the work of his hands; crush the loins of his adversaries, of those who hate him, that they rise not again."
12 11Of Benjamin he said, "The beloved of the LORD dwells in safety. The High God[c] surrounds him all day long, and dwells between his shoulders."
13 And 12of Joseph he said, 13"Blessed by the LORD be his land, with the choicest gifts of heaven 14above,[d] and of the deep that crouches beneath,
14 with the choicest fruits of the sun and the rich yield of the months,
15 with the finest produce of the ancient mountains and the abundance of 15the everlasting hills,
16 with the best gifts of the earth and 16its fullness and the favor of 17him who dwells in the bush. May these rest on the head of Joseph, on the pate of him who is prince among his brothers.
17 18A firstborn bull[e]--he has majesty, and his horns are the horns of a 19wild ox; with them 20he shall gore the peoples, all of them, to the ends of the earth; 21they are the ten thousands of Ephraim, and they are the thousands of Manasseh."
18 And of Zebulun he said, 22"Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out, and Issachar, in your tents.
19 They shall call peoples 23to their mountain; there they offer 24right sacrifices; for they draw from the abundance of the seas and the hidden treasures of the sand."
20 And 25of Gad he said, "Blessed be he who enlarges Gad! Gad crouches 26like a lion; he tears off arm and scalp.
21 27He chose the best of the land for himself, for there a commander's portion was reserved; and 28he came with the heads of the people, with Israel he executed the justice of the LORD, and his judgments for Israel."
22 And 29of Dan he said, 30"Dan is a lion's cub 31that leaps from Bashan."
23 And 32of Naphtali he said, "O Naphtali, sated with favor, and full of the blessing of the LORD, 33possess the lake[f] and the south."
24 And 34of Asher he said, "Most blessed of sons be Asher; let him be the favorite of his brothers, and let him 35dip his foot in oil.
25 Your bars shall be iron and bronze, and as your days, so shall your strength be.

Deuteronomy 33:6-25 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 33

This chapter relates the blessings Moses pronounced upon the people of Israel a little before his death; first, in general, on account of their having a law given them in so glorious a manner, De 33:1-5; then, in particular, each of the tribes distinctly is blessed, Reuben, De 33:6; Judah, De 33:7; Levi, De 33:8-11; Benjamin, De 33:12; Joseph, De 33:13-17; Zebulun and Issachar, De 33:18,19; Gad, De 33:20,21; Dan, De 33:22; Naphtali, De 33:23; Asher, De 33:24,25; and the chapter is concluded with some strong intimations of what God was unto the people of Israel in general, and of what he had done and would do for them; all which are expressive of their great happiness, De 33:26-29.

Cross References 35

  • 1. [Genesis 49:3, 4]
  • 2. [Genesis 49:5]
  • 3. See Exodus 28:30
  • 4. See Exodus 17:7; Numbers 20:13
  • 5. See Exodus 32:26-29
  • 6. Malachi 2:4-6
  • 7. Deuteronomy 17:9-11; Ezekiel 44:23; See Leviticus 10:11
  • 8. Exodus 30:7, 8; 1 Samuel 2:28
  • 9. Psalms 51:19; Ezekiel 43:27
  • 10. Ezekiel 20:40, 41; Ezekiel 43:27; [Amos 5:22]
  • 11. [Genesis 49:27]
  • 12. [Genesis 49:22]
  • 13. Genesis 49:25
  • 14. ver. 28; Genesis 27:28
  • 15. Genesis 49:26; Habakkuk 3:6; [Psalms 90:2]
  • 16. Psalms 24:1
  • 17. Exodus 3:2-4; Acts 7:30, 35
  • 18. [1 Chronicles 5:1]
  • 19. See Numbers 23:22
  • 20. 1 Kings 22:11; Psalms 44:5; Daniel 8:4
  • 21. [Genesis 48:19; Numbers 1:33, 35]
  • 22. [Genesis 49:13-15]
  • 23. Exodus 15:17; Isaiah 2:3
  • 24. Psalms 4:5; Psalms 51:19
  • 25. [Genesis 49:19]
  • 26. [1 Chronicles 12:8]
  • 27. See Num. 32:1-5, 16-19
  • 28. Numbers 32:31, 32; See Joshua 1:12-15; 1 Chronicles 5:18-22
  • 29. [Genesis 49:16]
  • 30. [Genesis 49:9]
  • 31. [Joshua 19:47; Judges 18:27]
  • 32. [Genesis 49:21]
  • 33. See Joshua 19:32-39
  • 34. [Genesis 49:20]
  • 35. [Job 29:6]

Footnotes 6

  • [a]. Probable reading; Hebrew With his hands he contended
  • [b]. Dead Sea Scroll, Septuagint; Masoretic Text lacks Give to Levi
  • [c]. Septuagint; Hebrew dwells in safety by him. He
  • [d]. Two Hebrew manuscripts and Targum; Hebrew with the dew
  • [e]. Dead Sea Scroll, Septuagint, Samaritan; Masoretic Text His firstborn bull
  • [f]. Or west
The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.