1 Samuël 17:20

20 Toen maakte zich David des morgens vroeg op, en hij liet de schapen bij den hoeder, en hij nam het op, en ging henen, gelijk als Isai hem bevolen had; en hij kwam aan den wagenburg, als het heir in slagorde uittoog, en men ten strijde riep.

1 Samuël 17:20 Meaning and Commentary

1 Samuel 17:20

And David rose up early in the morning
Being very ready and eager to obey his father's orders, and visit his brethren:

and left the sheep with a keeper;
which showed his care and faithfulness in the discharge of his office; he was not unmindful of his father's sheep, any more than of his commands:

and took;
the ephah of parched corn, the ten loaves, and the ten cheeses:

and went, as Jesse had commanded him;
went and carried them to the camp, according to his orders:

and he came to the trench;
foss or ditch, which was cast up all around the army, partly to prevent the enemy falling on them before, and partly to prevent deserters from them behind; or the word signifying a wagon or carriage, which is here used, this might be a fence around the camp made of wagons fastened to each other; though it may only signify, the camp itself, which lay in a circular form, with proper guards about it to watch the enemy. Now David came up to it just

as the host was going forth to the fight;
preparing and getting every thing ready to the battle, and in motion, and upon the march to meet the enemy:

and shouted for the battle;
which was usually done when about to make the onset, to animate the soldiers, and strike the greater terror into the enemy; and this noise was sometimes made with the voice in a hideous and howling way, and was called "barritus" ^F1 by the Romans; with the Trojans it was like the noise of cranes in the air ^F2; it was also attended with the clashing of shields and spears ^F3; with the Persians, it was a rough, boisterous, and confused noise ^F4.

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FOOTNOTES:

F1 Vid. Valtrimum de re militar. Roman. l. 5. c. 3. p. 314, 315. & A. Gell. Noct. Attic. l. 1. c. 11.
F2 Homer. Iliad. 3. ver. 1, 2, 3.
F3 Vid. Lydium de re militari, l. 4. c. 3. p. 158, 159.
F4 Curt. Hist. l. 3. c. 10. Vid. Alex. ab Alex. Genial. Dier. l. 4. c. 7.

1 Samuël 17:20 In-Context

18 Maar breng deze tien melkkazen aan de oversten over duizend; en gij zult uw broederen bezoeken, of het hun welga, en gij zult van hen pand medenemen.

19 Saul nu, en zij, en alle mannen van Israel waren bij het eikendal met de Filistijnen strijdende.

20 Toen maakte zich David des morgens vroeg op, en hij liet de schapen bij den hoeder, en hij nam het op, en ging henen, gelijk als Isai hem bevolen had; en hij kwam aan den wagenburg, als het heir in slagorde uittoog, en men ten strijde riep.

21 En de Israelieten en Filistijnen stelden slagorde tegen slagorde.

22 David nu liet de vaten van zich, onder de hand van den bewaarder der vaten, en hij liep ter slagorde; en hij kwam en vraagde zijn broederen naar hun welstand.