3:1 Likewise, 1 ye wives, [be] in subjection to your own husbands; 2 that, if any obey not the word, they also may without the word be won by the conversation of the wives;
(1) In the third place he sets forth the wives duties to their husbands, commanding them to be obedient. (2) He speaks namely of those who had husbands who were not Christians, who ought so much the more be subject to their husbands, that by their honest and chaste conversation, they may win them to the Lord.3:3 3 Whose adorning let it not be that outward [adorning] of plaiting the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting on of apparel;
(3) He condemns the unrestrained indulgences and excesses of women, and sets forth their true apparel, such as is precious before God, that is, the inward and incorruptible, which consists in a meek and quiet spirit.3:4 But [let it be] the a hidden man of the heart, in that which is not corruptible, [even the ornament] of a meek and quiet spirit, which is b in the sight of God of great price.
(a) Who has his abiding place fastened in the heart: so that the hidden man is set against the outward adorning of the body.3:5 4 For after this manner in the old time the holy women also, who trusted in God, adorned themselves, being in subjection unto their own husbands:
(b) Precious indeed and so taken of God.
(4) An argument taken from the example of women, and especially of Sarah, who was the mother of all believers.3:6 Even as Sara obeyed Abraham, calling him lord: whose daughters ye are, as long as ye do well, and are 5 not afraid with any amazement.
(5) Because women are by nature fearful, he gives them to understand that he requires of them that subjection, which is not wrung out from them either by force or fear.3:7 6 Likewise, ye husbands, c dwell with [them] according to d knowledge, 7 giving e honour unto the wife, as unto the weaker f vessel, 8 and as being heirs together of the g grace of life; 9 that your prayers be not hindered.
(6) He also teaches husbands their duties, that is, that the more understanding and wisdom they have, the more wisely and circumspectly they behave themselves.3:8 10 Finally, [be ye] all of one mind, having compassion one of another, love as brethren, [be] pitiful, [be] courteous:
(c) Do all the duties of wedlock.
(d) The more wisdom the husband has, the more circumspectly he must behave himself in bearing those inconveniences, which through the womans weakness often cause trouble both to the husband and the wife. (7) The second argument: because the wife nonetheless is weaker by nature than the man, she is an excellent instrument of the man, made for far more excellent uses: upon which it follows that she is not therefore to be neglected, because she is weak, but on the contrary she ought to be so much more cared for.
(e) Having an honest care for her.
(f) The woman is called a vessel after the manner of the Hebrews, because the husband uses her as his friend and helper, to live faithfully before God. (8) The third argument: for that they are equal in that which is the most important (that is to say, in the benefit of eternal life) who otherwise are unequal concerning the leadership and conduct at home, and therefore they are not to be despised although they are weak.
(g) Of that gracious and free benefit, by which we have everlasting life given to us. (9) The fourth argument: All fighting and rebuking must be avoided, because they hinder prayers and the whole service of God, to which both the husband and wife are equally called.
3:9 11 Not rendering evil for evil, or railing for railing: but contrariwise blessing; 12 knowing that ye are thereunto called, that ye should inherit a blessing.
(10) He turns to common exhortations, and commends harmony and whatever things pertain to the maintenance of peace and mutual love.
3:10 13 For he that will love life, and h see good days, let him refrain his tongue from evil, and his lips that they speak no guile:
(11) We must not only not recompense injury for injury, but we must also recompense them with benefits.
(12) An argument taken by comparison: Seeing that we ourselves are unworthy of so great bountifulness, than forgive one anothers faults? And from this verse to the end of the chapter, ( 1 Peter 3:9-22 ), there is a digression, to exhort us valiantly to bear afflictions.