Proverbs 10

The Proverbs of Solomon

1 ¹The proverbs of Solomon. ²A wise son makes a glad father, ³but a foolish son is a sorrow to his mother.

2 ⁴Treasures gained by wickedness do not profit, ⁵but righteousness delivers from death.

3 ⁶The LORD does not let the righteous go hungry, ⁷but he thwarts the craving of the wicked.

4 A slack hand ⁸causes poverty, ⁹but the hand of the diligent makes rich.

5 He who ¹⁰gathers in summer is a prudent son, but he who sleeps in harvest is ¹¹a son who brings shame.

6 Blessings are on the head of the righteous, but ¹²the mouth of the wicked conceals violence.

7 ¹³The memory of the righteous is a blessing, but ¹⁴the name of the wicked will rot.

8 ¹⁵The wise of heart will receive commandments, but a babbling fool will come to ruin.

9 ¹⁶Whoever walks in integrity walks securely, but he who makes his ways crooked ¹⁷will be found out.

10 Whoever ¹⁸winks the eye causes trouble, but a babbling fool will come to ruin.

11 ¹⁹The mouth of the righteous is ²⁰a fountain of life, but the mouth of the wicked ²¹conceals violence.

12 Hatred stirs up strife, but ²²love covers all offenses.

13 On the lips of him who has understanding, wisdom is found, but ²³a rod is for the back of him who ²⁴lacks sense.

14 The wise ²⁵lay up knowledge, but ²⁶the mouth of a fool brings ruin near.

15 ²⁷A rich man's wealth is his strong city; the poverty of the poor is their ruin.

16 The wage of the righteous leads ²⁸to life, the gain of the wicked to sin.

17 Whoever heeds instruction is on ²⁹the path to life, but he who rejects reproof leads others astray.

18 The one who conceals hatred has lying lips, and whoever utters slander is a fool.

19 ³⁰When words are many, transgression is not lacking, ³¹but whoever restrains his lips is prudent.

20 The tongue of the righteous is ³²choice silver; the heart of the wicked is of little worth.

21 The lips of the righteous feed many, but fools die for ³³lack of sense.

22 ³⁴The blessing of the LORD makes rich, and he adds no sorrow with it.^[a]

23 Doing wrong is ³⁵like a joke to a fool, but ³⁶wisdom is pleasure to a man of understanding.

24 ³⁷What the wicked dreads ³⁸will come upon him, but ³⁹the desire of the righteous will be granted.

25 When ⁴⁰the tempest passes, the wicked is no more, but ⁴¹the righteous is established forever.

26 Like vinegar to the teeth and smoke to the eyes, so is the sluggard to those who send him.

27 ⁴²The fear of the LORD prolongs life, ⁴³but the years of the wicked will be short.

28 ⁴⁴The hope of the righteous brings joy, ⁴⁵but the expectation of the wicked will perish.

29 ⁴⁶The way of the LORD is a stronghold to the blameless, but destruction to evildoers.

30 ⁴⁷The righteous will never be removed, but ⁴⁸the wicked will not dwell in the land.

31 ⁴⁹The mouth of the righteous brings forth wisdom, but the perverse tongue will be cut off.

32 The lips of the righteous ⁵⁰know what is acceptable, but the mouth of the wicked, ⁵¹what is perverse.

Proverbs 10 Commentary

Chapter 10

Through the whole of the Proverbs, we are to look for somewhat beyond the first sense the passage may imply, and this we shall find to be Christ. He is the Wisdom so often spoken of in this book.

Verse 1 The comfort of parents much depends on their children; and ( proverbs 10:2-3 ) the righteous may be poor, the Lord will not suffer him to want what is needful for spiritual life. Verse 4 . Those who are fervent in spirit, serving the Lord, are likely to be rich in faith, and rich in good works. Verse 5 . Here is just blame of those who trifle away opportunities, both for here and for hereafter. Verse 6 . Abundance of blessings shall abide on good men; real blessings. Verse 7 . Both the just and the wicked must die; but between their souls there is a vast difference. Verse 8 . The wise in heart puts his knowledge in practice. Verse 9 . Dissemblers, after all their shuffling, will be exposed. Verse 10 . Trick and artifice will be no excuse for iniquity. Verse 11 . The good man's mouth is always open to teach, comfort, and correct others. Verse 12 . Where there is hatred, every thing stirs up strife. By bearing with each other, peace and harmony are preserved. Verse 13 . Those that foolishly go on in wicked ways, prepare rods for themselves. Verse 14 . Whatever knowledge may be useful, we must lay it up, that it may not be to seek when we want it. The wise gain this wisdom by reading, by hearing the word, by meditation, by prayer, by faith in Christ, who is made of God unto us wisdom. Verse 15 . This refers to the common mistakes both of rich and poor, as to their outward condition. Rich people's wealth exposes them to many dangers; while a poor man may live comfortably, if he is content, keeps a good conscience, and lives by faith. Verse 16 . Perhaps a righteous man has no more than what he works hard for, but that labour tends to life. Verse 17 . The traveller that has missed his way, and cannot bear to be told of it, and to be shown the right way, must err still. Verse 18 . He is especially a fool who thinks to hide anything from God; and malice is no better. Verse 19 . Those that speak much, speak much amiss. He that checks himself is a wise ( proverbs 10:20-21 ) the just is sincere, freed from the dross of guile and evil design. Pious discourse is spiritual food to the needy. Fools die for want of a heart, so the word is; for want of thought. Verse 22 . That wealth which is truly desirable, has no vexation of spirit in the enjoyment; no grief for the loss; no guilt by the abuse of it. What comes from the love of God, has the grace of God for its companion. Verse 23 . Only foolish and wicked men divert themselves with doing harm to others, or tempting to sin. Verse 24 . The largest desire of eternal blessings the righteous can form, will be granted. Verse 25 . The course of prosperous sinners is like a whirlwind, which soon spends itself, and is gone. Verse 26 . As vinegar sets the teeth on edge, and as the smoke causes the eyes ( proverbs 10:27-28 ) is he that loves life? Let him fear God, and that will secure to him life enough in this world, and eternal life in the other. Verse 29 . The believer grows stronger in faith, and obeys with increased delight. Verse 30 . The wicked would be glad to have this earth their home for ever, but it cannot be so. They must die ( proverbs 10:31-32 ) wisely for the benefit of others. But it is the sin, and will be the ruin of a wicked man, that he speaks what is displeasing to God, and provoking to those he converses with. The righteous is kept by the power of God; and nothing shall be able to separate him from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus.

Cross References

• 1. See Proverbs 1:1
• 2. See Proverbs 29:3
• 3. Proverbs 17:25; Proverbs 29:15
• 4. [Proverbs 21:6; Ezekiel 7:19; Luke 12:19, 20]
• 5. Proverbs 11:4, 6
• 6. Psalms 34:9, 10; Psalms 37:25; [Matthew 6:33]
• 7. [Psalms 112:10; James 4:3]
• 8. [Proverbs 6:11; Proverbs 12:24; Proverbs 13:4]
• 9. Proverbs 21:5
• 10. [Proverbs 6:8]
• 11. Proverbs 17:2; Proverbs 19:26
• 12. ver. 32
• 13. Psalms 112:6
• 14. [Psalms 9:5]
• 15. [Matthew 7:24, 25]
• 16. Proverbs 3:23; Proverbs 28:18; Psalms 23:4; Isaiah 33:15, 16
• 17. [Matthew 10:26; 1 Timothy 5:25]
• 18. Proverbs 6:13
• 19. Psalms 37:30
• 20. Proverbs 13:14; Psalms 36:9
• 21. [See ver. 6 above]
• 22. 1 Peter 4:8; [James 5:20]
• 23. Proverbs 19:29; Proverbs 26:3
• 24. See Proverbs 6:32
• 25. [ver. 8; Proverbs 12:23]
• 26. Proverbs 18:7
• 27. Proverbs 18:11; [Psalms 52:7; Mark 10:24, 25]
• 28. Proverbs 11:19; Proverbs 19:23
• 29. [Proverbs 6:23]
• 30. [Matthew 12:36, 37]
• 31. Proverbs 17:27; [James 3:2]
• 32. Proverbs 8:19; Proverbs 16:16
• 33. [Hosea 4:6]
• 34. [Genesis 24:35; Genesis 26:12; Deuteronomy 8:18]
• 35. Proverbs 2:14; Proverbs 15:21
• 36. [Proverbs 8:30]
• 37. Isaiah 66:4; Hebrews 10:27; [Job 15:21]
• 38. Job 3:25
• 39. Psalms 145:19; Matthew 5:6; 1 John 5:14, 15
• 40. [Job 21:18; Psalms 58:9]; See Matthew 7:26, 27
• 41. Proverbs 12:3; Psalms 15:5; [Matthew 7:24, 25]
• 42. See Proverbs 3:2
• 43. See Job 15:32, 33
• 44. [Luke 21:28]
• 45. See Job 8:13
• 46. [Psalms 25:12; Matthew 22:16; Acts 9:2]
• 47. ver. 25; Psalms 37:22, 29; Psalms 125:1
• 48. Proverbs 2:21, 22
• 49. Psalms 37:30
• 50. [Ecclesiastes 10:12]
• 51. Proverbs 2:12

Footnotes

• [a]. Or and toil adds nothing to it

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO PROVERBS 10

From this chapter to the "twenty fifth" are various proverbial sentences, without any very apparent connection or coherence with each other; describing righteous and wicked men; setting forth their different temper, conduct, and actions, and the fruits and effects of them. It should be observed, that frequently in the preceding chapters two persons are represented as women; one goes by the name of "Wisdom", the other is called the "foolish" woman and a "harlot"; the former is clearly to be understood of Christ; and the latter, being opposed to him, must be antichrist, the whore of Rome, and mother of harlots: now in the following part of this book two sorts of persons are spoken of; the one as wise, righteous, good and the other as foolish, wicked, &c. who are no other than the followers of Christ and antichrist; which observation is a key to the whole book.