Deuteronomy 19:3

3 Take a survey of thy way, and thou shalt divide the coasts of thy land, which the Lord thy God apportions to thee, into three parts, and there shall be there a refuge for every manslayer.

Deuteronomy 19:3 Meaning and Commentary

Deuteronomy 19:3

Thou shalt prepare thee a way
A road, an highway to those cities: on the first of Adar, or February, the magistrates used to meet, and proclaimed, or ordered to be proclaimed, that the ways be repaired F18, particularly those leading to the cities of refuge; which was done by making them smooth and plain, so that there was not an hill or dale to be seen; and by building bridges over rivers and brooks, that he might escape who had killed anyone through mistake, and not be hindered, lest the avenger of blood should overtake him and kill him F19; and therefore every obstruction was removed out of the way, that there might be a clear course for him; and at the parting of ways, or where two or more ways met, that he might not be at a loss one moment which way to take, "refuge" was written, as Jarchi and other writers observe, upon posts or pillars erected for that purpose: (See Gill on Numbers 35:6),

and divide the coasts of thy land, which the Lord thy God giveth thee
to inherit, in three parts;
in each of which was to be a city of refuge, and those at an equal distance: so Jarchi observes, that this was done that there might be from the beginning of the border (of the land) unto the first city of the cities of refuge, according to the measure of a journey, that there is from that to the second, and so from the second to the third, and so from the third to the other border of the land of Israel: of the situation of these cities, so as to answer to those on the other side Jordan, (See Gill on Numbers 35:14),

that every slayer may flee thither;
to that which is nearest and most convenient for him, that is, who had slain a man unawares, as follows.


FOOTNOTES:

F18 Misn. Shekalim, c. 1. sect. 1.
F19 Maimon. & Bartenora in ib.

Deuteronomy 19:3 In-Context

1 And when the Lord thy God shall have destroyed the nations, which God gives thee, the land, and ye shall inherit them, and dwell in their cities, and in their houses,
2 thou shalt separate for thyself three cities in the midst of thy land, which the Lord thy God gives thee.
3 Take a survey of thy way, and thou shalt divide the coasts of thy land, which the Lord thy God apportions to thee, into three parts, and there shall be there a refuge for every manslayer.
4 And this shall be the ordinance of the manslayer, who shall flee thither, and shall live, whosoever shall have smitten his neighbour ignorantly, whereas he hated him not in times past.
5 And whosoever shall enter with his neighbour into the thicket, to gather wood, if the hand of him that cuts wood with the axe should be violently shaken, and the axe head falling off from the handle should light on his neighbour, and he should die, he shall flee to one of these cities, and live.

The Brenton translation of the Septuagint is in the public domain.