1 Samuel 17:15-25

15 ¹but David went * back and forth from Saul ²to tend his father's flock at Bethlehem.

16 The Philistine came forward morning and evening for forty days and took his stand.

17 Then Jesse said to David his son, "³Take now for your brothers an ephah of this roasted grain and these ten loaves and run to the camp to your brothers.

18 "⁴Bring also these ten cuts of cheese to the commander of their thousand, ⁵and look into the welfare of your brothers, and bring back news of them.

19 "For Saul and they and all the men of Israel are in the valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines."

David Accepts the Challenge

20 So David arose early in the morning and left the flock with a keeper and took the supplies and went as Jesse had commanded him. And he came to the ⁶circle of the camp while the army was going out in battle array shouting the war cry.

21 Israel and the Philistines drew up in battle array, army against army.

22 Then David left his ⁷baggage in the care of the baggage keeper, and ran to the battle line and entered in order to greet * his brothers.

23 As he was talking with them, behold, the champion *, the Philistine from Gath named Goliath, was coming up from the army of the Philistines, and he spoke ⁸these same words; and David heard them.

24 When all the men of Israel saw the man, they fled from him and were greatly afraid.

25 The men of Israel said, "Have you seen this man who is coming up? Surely he is coming up to defy Israel. And it will be that the king will enrich the man who kills him with great riches and ⁹will give him his daughter and make his father's house free in Israel."

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1 Samuel 17:15-25 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 17

This chapter relates how the armies of Israel, and of the Philistines, prepared for battle, and where, 1Sa 17:1-3, describes a champion of the Philistines, who defied the armies of Israel, 1Sa 17:4-11, and while he was so doing, it informs us that David came into the camp, and he heard his words, and signified to one and another his inclination to fight with him, 1Sa 17:12-30, which being reported to Saul, David was sent for by him, and much discourse passed between them about it, 1Sa 17:31-37 when we are told the manner in which he engaged with the Philistine, and the victory he obtained over him, 1Sa 17:38-51 upon which the Philistines fled, and Israel pursued them; and on account of this action David was taken notice of by Saul, and brought to court again, as the following chapter shows, 1Sa 17:52-58.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Cross References 9

1. 1 Samuel 16:21-23
2. 1 Samuel 16:11, 19
3. 1 Samuel 25:18
4. 1 Samuel 16:20
5. Genesis 37:13, 14
6. 1 Samuel 26:5, 7
7. Judges 18:21; Isaiah 10:28
8. 1 Samuel 17:8-10
9. Joshua 15:16

Footnotes 4

[a]. Lit "near"
[b]. Lit "their pledge"
[c]. Lit "hand"
[d]. I.e. free from taxes and public service